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	<title>Comments on: India commits $4.2 billion to buy farm land from Ethiopia</title>
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	<link>http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/11500</link>
	<description>Ethiopian News and Opinion Journal</description>
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		<title>By: Yifate</title>
		<link>http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/11500/comment-page-1#comment-74681</link>
		<dc:creator>Yifate</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 30 Nov 2009 20:39:37 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>An important democratic lesson from the recent history of South Asia is that a democracy that creates two different kinds of citizen rapidly evolves into something else. 
India didn&#039;t go down this road for reasons of history. 
India may be poor but it has remained a democracy 
Pluralist nationalism in the 19th century was invented as an answer to the specific challenges of contemporary colonialism. It was founded on the claim that the anti-colonial Indian National Congress could speak for the nation-in-the-making because its membership included representatives of all of India&#039;s human species. 

The challenge of representing India to a hostile colonial state and then the trauma of Partition committed the republican state to pluralist democracy. 

Pluralism, a stratagem born of weakness (the early nationalist elite had no other way of demonstrating that they represented anyone but themselves), became the cornerstone of Indian political practice, because it legitimised the compromises essential for keeping hundreds of jostling identities aboard the good ship India. 

This was the ultimate political goal: to keep the diversity of a subcontinent afloat in a democratic ark. Everything else was negotiable. 
Balancing of interests between Ethiopia and India is a challenge. 
The political culture of the republic consisted of the balancing of special interests, procrastination, equivocation, pandering, tokenism and selective affirmative action: in a word, democratic politics. 
Gender, language, religious identity, class and caste were all pressed into India&#039;s political mill, but no single identity or principle was used consistently enough to satisfy its champions. 
It is a political culture that worked, approximately but demonstrably. 
Not only did it work, it allowed Indians a worldview born out of their own political experience. 
The reason India is so important to the history and practice of democracy is its success in making a system of representative government work in a bewilderingly diverse country 
 For example, when a &quot;people&quot; elsewhere asks for self-determination (the Kurds, the Eelam Tamils, the Basques) an Indian should ask, what for? 
If the point of self-determination is to allow a &quot;People&quot; to become a hegemonic majority in its own right, an Indian is entitled to say that whatever its rhetorical power, self-determination does not seem like an emancipatory or interesting or original political idea. 

If a state with a majority of Oromos or Amharas is to be premised on Oromigna or Amharic, better that it not exist at all because Ethiopians know from their own history that pluralist democracies can be worked despite terrible violence and they also know where ethnic nationalisms lead. 
The reason India is so important to the history and practice of democracy is its success in making a system of representative government work in a bewilderingly diverse country. 
This achievement liberates the idea of democracy from specific cultural contexts and subverts a certain sort of political argument. 
For example, to excuse the occupation of Ethiopia by Woyane, some western opinion-formers cite the presence of three distinct communities, Amhara, Oromo and the rest. A country odd enough to be home to such a variety of peoples is, in their minds, an artificial state with arbitrary boundaries, doomed to disintegrate. 

Under this argument, Ethiopia cannot make it as a democracy or even a nation because it is too poor or too fractious or too diverse.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>An important democratic lesson from the recent history of South Asia is that a democracy that creates two different kinds of citizen rapidly evolves into something else.<br />
India didn't go down this road for reasons of history.<br />
India may be poor but it has remained a democracy<br />
Pluralist nationalism in the 19th century was invented as an answer to the specific challenges of contemporary colonialism. It was founded on the claim that the anti-colonial Indian National Congress could speak for the nation-in-the-making because its membership included representatives of all of India's human species. </p>
<p>The challenge of representing India to a hostile colonial state and then the trauma of Partition committed the republican state to pluralist democracy. </p>
<p>Pluralism, a stratagem born of weakness (the early nationalist elite had no other way of demonstrating that they represented anyone but themselves), became the cornerstone of Indian political practice, because it legitimised the compromises essential for keeping hundreds of jostling identities aboard the good ship India. </p>
<p>This was the ultimate political goal: to keep the diversity of a subcontinent afloat in a democratic ark. Everything else was negotiable.<br />
Balancing of interests between Ethiopia and India is a challenge.<br />
The political culture of the republic consisted of the balancing of special interests, procrastination, equivocation, pandering, tokenism and selective affirmative action: in a word, democratic politics.<br />
Gender, language, religious identity, class and caste were all pressed into India's political mill, but no single identity or principle was used consistently enough to satisfy its champions.<br />
It is a political culture that worked, approximately but demonstrably.<br />
Not only did it work, it allowed Indians a worldview born out of their own political experience.<br />
The reason India is so important to the history and practice of democracy is its success in making a system of representative government work in a bewilderingly diverse country<br />
 For example, when a "people" elsewhere asks for self-determination (the Kurds, the Eelam Tamils, the Basques) an Indian should ask, what for?<br />
If the point of self-determination is to allow a "People" to become a hegemonic majority in its own right, an Indian is entitled to say that whatever its rhetorical power, self-determination does not seem like an emancipatory or interesting or original political idea. </p>
<p>If a state with a majority of Oromos or Amharas is to be premised on Oromigna or Amharic, better that it not exist at all because Ethiopians know from their own history that pluralist democracies can be worked despite terrible violence and they also know where ethnic nationalisms lead.<br />
The reason India is so important to the history and practice of democracy is its success in making a system of representative government work in a bewilderingly diverse country.<br />
This achievement liberates the idea of democracy from specific cultural contexts and subverts a certain sort of political argument.<br />
For example, to excuse the occupation of Ethiopia by Woyane, some western opinion-formers cite the presence of three distinct communities, Amhara, Oromo and the rest. A country odd enough to be home to such a variety of peoples is, in their minds, an artificial state with arbitrary boundaries, doomed to disintegrate. </p>
<p>Under this argument, Ethiopia cannot make it as a democracy or even a nation because it is too poor or too fractious or too diverse.</p>
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		<title>By: Big Trap</title>
		<link>http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/11500/comment-page-1#comment-74476</link>
		<dc:creator>Big Trap</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 18:08:33 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>I think the other side of the coin is that leasing the land to rich foreigners would mean just buying additional muscle to TPLF. No buyer would like TPLF to go which probably will make their ownership of the lands more precarious.

I believe Woyane might have also seen this from that angle. If big influential private investors are involved, which in the final analysis would mean the West, serious condemnation of their ownership of Ethiopian land by the opposition parties could mean a further justification of the West for Woyane. We must be able to wisely explain our condemnation of the Woyane plot to the West.

Remember, we are talking about what is called Foreign Direct investment. When we see foreign direct investment in the agricultural sector, India dominates ($2103) followed by EU ($1440), US ($542) Israel ($528), and Saudi Arabia ($172) in millions. (http://www.ecofair-trade.org/pics/en/FDIs_Ethiopia_15_10_09_c.pdf)

So we are playing with big guys and our lobbying should be wise, seasoned, and informed.</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I think the other side of the coin is that leasing the land to rich foreigners would mean just buying additional muscle to TPLF. No buyer would like TPLF to go which probably will make their ownership of the lands more precarious.</p>
<p>I believe Woyane might have also seen this from that angle. If big influential private investors are involved, which in the final analysis would mean the West, serious condemnation of their ownership of Ethiopian land by the opposition parties could mean a further justification of the West for Woyane. We must be able to wisely explain our condemnation of the Woyane plot to the West.</p>
<p>Remember, we are talking about what is called Foreign Direct investment. When we see foreign direct investment in the agricultural sector, India dominates ($2103) followed by EU ($1440), US ($542) Israel ($528), and Saudi Arabia ($172) in millions. (<a href="http://www.ecofair-trade.org/pics/en/FDIs_Ethiopia_15_10_09_c.pdf" rel="nofollow">http://www.ecofair-trade.org/pics/en/FDIs_Ethiopia_15_10_09_c.pdf</a>)</p>
<p>So we are playing with big guys and our lobbying should be wise, seasoned, and informed.</p>
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		<title>By: oh ye gud</title>
		<link>http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/11500/comment-page-1#comment-74468</link>
		<dc:creator>oh ye gud</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 16:23:05 +0000</pubDate>
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		<description>what is the Woyane agenda for Ethiopia? do they have a future plan for our nation? i am really confused on this!!!</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>what is the Woyane agenda for Ethiopia? do they have a future plan for our nation? i am really confused on this!!!</p>
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		<title>By: Menge</title>
		<link>http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/11500/comment-page-1#comment-74463</link>
		<dc:creator>Menge</dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Nov 2009 13:52:19 +0000</pubDate>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.ethiopianreview.com/content/?p=11500#comment-74463</guid>
		<description>I cannot say much because tear comes to my eyes every time I read this story that Ethiopia is leasing land while her own people are dying of starvation. If we have the land, the water and the labor then what hinders us from using and cultivating our own land ? why the Indians from thousands of miles away use it and not us ? Can any leader who cares for his people do that ????????</description>
		<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>I cannot say much because tear comes to my eyes every time I read this story that Ethiopia is leasing land while her own people are dying of starvation. If we have the land, the water and the labor then what hinders us from using and cultivating our own land ? why the Indians from thousands of miles away use it and not us ? Can any leader who cares for his people do that ????????</p>
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