African Union Government for liberation & integration!

[Meraraw]

African Union Government (AUG), what a nice vision!!! Read the outcome of the AU submit in Accra here: http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/200707/6271.asp
If it will be realized, it is to promote:
1- national liberation of oppressed nations like liberation of Oromia, Amhara..etc from Tyranny and Weyane's looting,
2- regional integration of disharmonious regions like integration of the region called Ethiopia or Horn of Africa in which autonomous Oromia, Amhara, Tigrai..etc are the parts and
3- continental unity of the whole Africa on the way to forge the Uniterd States of Africa (USAfrica) which in the long term will be the union of genuine nation-states like Oromia, Amhara...etc, not that of the current artificial-states (construed by european colonialists) like Ethiopia, Eritrea, Keniya...etc.

Concerning the AU Government, read here the final proposal from the Pan African Parlament (PAP) http://www.pambazuka.org/aumonitor/imag ... l_2007.pdf

Africa will be one country and the current 54 national states will be reduced to the status of only federal states: http://unitedstatesafrica.tripod.com/ The expected process is to forge Africa with:
- one transcontinental citizenship
- one currency
- one defence force
- one foreign department
- one policy of foreign trade
- one centeral government managing the above
- one pan-African parlament
- one African court of law
- univisum = people without border as Africans used to live before 1885 Scramble for Africa
- free from legacy of colonialism such as artificial borders which devided for eg. Oromos in to two, Tigarus in to two, Afars in to three, Somalis in to five...etc and slowly forge a working inter-Africa federal states. At the begining the 54 current African countries will be the federal states in USAfrica.

What is the impact for us "Ethiopians"? First Ethiopia will be one of the federal states and slowly it will be changed to the fact that national states like Oromia, Tigrai, Amhara, Afar, Somalia ...etc will be the autonomous federal states in a USAfrica.

So the question to be asked is: why should Amharas cry for centeralization of Ethiopia and Oromos for secession of Oromia?? Both these movements are against the movement and policy of forging USAfrica.

I think CUD and OLF leaders who formed AFD are such far-sighted, so that they agreed to struggle for the common agendas like Freedom and Democracy giving up their illusion of eg. desmantling Oromia and decolonizing Oromia respectively.

Let's all take this vision of AFD and fight against Weyane fascists to forge first a democratic and integrated Ethiopia with a genuine autonomy of Oromia, Amharai, Tigrai, Afar, Somali...etc to pave the way for USAfirca as described above.

Viva USAfrica!!!!!!
Visit also
http://unitedstatesafrica.com
http://unitedstatesafrica.50megs.com
http://unitedstatesofafrica.blogspot.com

[WOYANNIE-HUNTER]

Merraraw,

I thought you are normal. You too are infected by the ethnic bug? that is what we have been trying to avoid, balkanization of Ethiopia. If you divided all those ethnics they might as well leave the union, why should they be held by the union? Especially Oromo has nothing to benefit from the vcurrent ethnic balkanization under TPLF why should it stay within the union? Somali is not benefiting under the current union with TPLF at the helm of power, why should they stay in the union? According to your analysis Ethiopia should be devided along the ethnic line. Tigeray has taken so much land from Gonder and Wello to form the new Tigeray state, what about the land taken from Gonders and Welloyes? Your analysis is WRONG! The past 100 have brought a huge difference in the way Africans look at their ethnics. Look at what happened to Tutsi and Hutu? The Tutsis are considered a little more developed since they were willing to accept the Europeans domonation relatively easily. And after a 100 years you have seen what happened to them. Eritreans are in the same boat compared to Tegerays, you cannot mix them with Tegerays. Its like a relatively tamed horse and a wild horse, that 100 years you are refering to has brought tremendous difference in developing ones mind and cultural influence that is why the Eritreans were unable to be led by people they consider less knowledgable (wilder horse). Now for the first time that cultural difference has surfaced to the top, we have seen it much more so in the past ten-years than anytime in the history of our people living side by side. Now after a long time we began to understand what they meant by when they say they are relatively different than Ethiopians. Let's look at the fact here, they believe in working to make it happen and many Ethiopians believe in relying on getting a helping hand. That alon adds tremendous twist in the psychological make up of our difference, it is a huge difference. So much so we have to eliminate people like Alemu-Gira-YeGebabet in order to fix. We have to remove all the obstacle before we look for reconciliation with the Eritreans. Surprisingly, I come to realize the fact that the Eritreans are a lot different than we are; and we have respect that.

[Meraraw]

W.-Hunter,
What do you mean by normal?? Is some one who doesn't always think like you not normal?? We can have different opinions, but we are still all normal, not sick!!!

Otherwise the issue of nations (what you call ethnies) is seriously taken by AU. It is not something you just undo. Like it or not we "Ethiopians" are also Amharas, Oromos, Tigarus...etc This difference is there and it will stay, even encouraged to develop.

Read the following project of AU: http://www.acalan.org/eng/accueil/accueil.php and the following mission and vision of the African Academy of Languages: http://www.acalan.org/eng/aboutacalan/missionvision.php

The trend is against your centeralization and homogenization theory which may advocate Ethiopia with only one language, one culture and possibly one homogenious territory.

I think it is just irreversible to hinder Oromos from excercising our autonomy in Oromia. What is possible is just to abolish Weyane's poisonous act of instigating nations against eachother, Amharai and Oromia just need to respect eachother and live as a good neighbour states be it in Ethiopia or USAfrica.

We need to forge genuine autonomous states by getting rid of the fascist Weyanes who are now terrorizing, exploiting, subjugating and killing both Amharas and Oromos in our own national areas. Specially Oromos can fight for both African unity and Oromian liberty, whereas Amharas can be satisfied by being united with Oromos, Tigarus, Afars, Somalis....etc in USAfrican context!!!!!! Without LIBERTY, there cannot be a lasting UNITY!!

[azeb]

Dear Meraraw,
I support the USA ,that was the dream of Kwame Nkruma of Ghana in the 1960s,I do not think the selfish African dictators ready for that,their main concern is what they personally get from the union not the real African peoples.

[Meraraw]

Dear Meraraw,
I support the USA ,that was the dream of Kwame Nkruma of Ghana in the 1960s,I do not think the selfish African dictators ready for that,their main concern is what they personally get from the union not the real African peoples.

Azeb,
you are right!! Here you can read the pros and cons of USAfrica. http://unitedstatesofafrica.blogspot.com/ One of the arguements of the opponents is that African leaders are so selfish, corrupt and small-people (in comparison to the visionaries like Nkruma, H/silassie, Nierere...) so that they are unable to achieve this great vision.

[WOYANNIE-HUNTER]

Merraraw,

The best thing for Africa is to let us develop according to the pace our people accept. Your dream is formulated by the USA in order to avoid anyone helping Africa develop. Their main fear is that Russians are starting to sprout again, and the Chinese are rising and the world is changing in a pace that has never been seen in the history of man kind. This is like the moment after WWII where every nation was trying to develop with out hinderance. This is way back when no one had the upper hand needed to dominate another almost all nations including the leading nations were in the same boat. You know that WWII ended because of the number of military power one has. That jhas changed now, you have seen American planes hiting targets from 35,000 feet up on the air; which by the way their plane is not even seen from that distance. the shooter is sitting in Denver Colorado while the target is in the hills of Afganistan and the plane is 35,000 feet up over the sky. Can you see the difference the world has come to?

The USAfrica is a design to deceive people like you who are easily convinced. The truth is they want to create a comand (Afri-Comand) that does not include Egypt but all the African countries. Can you ask yourselve as to whyEgypt is not included? there are several reasons as to why the USA would want to put us under one comand, that is to control African resources easily. As it is AU is dictated and conrolled by US. They used to not like Africans what make them like us now? non-other than the fear of Chinese power and Russia's power, as well as the EU power. Americans do not like their own African Americans citizens let alon to like other monkey looking Africans that have yet to understand the psychology of Whaites. Many people, including Meles thinks he is a friend of America just because GWB has asked him to come to White house, the truth of the matter is that GWB doesn't even like New Orleans (majority blacks) let alone a small chehuahua with ugly face.

[Meraraw]

W.-Hunter,
there can be a lot of conspiracies!! Your assertion can be true or false!! I do have a confidence on our African political scientists and experts in international relation. They can discern what is advantegious for Africa or not.

The important question is not who planned and who is promoting USAfrica, rather the best question must be: is forging this unity advantegious for Africa or not. If forging USAfrica is good for promotion of Africa to prosperity, I think it is good!!

Let world powers like USAmerica, EU, Rassia and China do whatever they want to serve their own interest, we Africans need to do the same. I believe Africa being together (integrated) is stronger than being separated (disintegrated) to assert its interest against the above powers.

[WOYANNIE-HUNTER]

W.-Hunter,
there can be a lot of conspiracies!! Your assertion can be true or false!! I do have a confidence on our African political scientists and international relation experst. They can discern what is advantegious for Africa or not.

The question is not who planned and who is promoting USAfrica, rather the best question must be: is forging this unity advantegious for Africa or not. If forging USAfrica is good for promotion of Africa to prosperity, I think it is good!!

Let world powers like USAmerica, EU, Rassia and China do whatever they want to serve their interest, we Africans need to do the same. I believe Africa being together (integrated) is stronger than being separated (disintegrated) to assert its interest against the above powers.

Remeber I asked you whether or not you are normal? this proves it that you are not. Africa is a hungry desolate place, the humans in Africa can e considered insects. You cannot even bring down one insect like WOYANNIE down and you wanna form a union with over a 1000 language continent? You are deprived of reality. WOYANNIE is killing Ethiopians so it can continue to suck the resources of Ethiopia to bone dry you are worried about African union. You reminded me of one brother (Ethiopian of course) he said to me, about ten years ago; TPLF has been raping Ethiopia and it is tie to remove them since they have enough in their bank accounts. I said do you realized what you just said to me? he said what? I said leadership in Africa is all about stashing money in foreign banks! He said what else do expect, if I was in a position of control that is what I wouls have done and I understand the need for TPLF leaders doing. I am telling you this guy is young and educated. If a young and educated Ethiopian think that way Imagine how Ethiopians in Ethiopia think.

Merraraw, stop dreaming B.S. and help us remove TPLF/WOYANNIE from the helm of power stop defelecting our attention from the main source of destabilization in our country. Africcans would die by millions a week if the EU and USA and China were to leave us alone. We have become so dependent on their daily assistance to win the day we cannot survive two months. Meles and Tegeray would control the food storage and starve 40-50 million Ethiopians to death in a week this is not a joke IT IS REAL! Think about it, in Ethiopia 80% of the population is alive because there is some sort of assistance food and medical. If the powers were to leave Ethiopia alone people would eat each other overnight and TPLF would not stay in power a month, she would capitulate. The OLF, ONLF, EPPF, TPDM, SNL, EPRAP and CUDP would gang up agaisnt TPLF that she would call it a night. Those organizations I mentioned would survive longer since they do not depend on foreign assistance.

[Meraraw]

W.-Hunter,
ok! let me be not normal, but I write what I think not what you want to read. Supporting the formation of USAfrica doesn't mean not to fight against fascist Weyane. It has nothing to do with attention diversion. Wether you support or not forging USAfrica is going on. We can be for it or against it and see wether it prevails!!

[osman]

Hi Meraraw




It sounds very nice to have USAfrican united but in pratical is not going work because of lot reasons in this chaotic part of world that ever body wants to plant thier own demorcatic believes espeically USA and other countries.



Osman Qooje

[Meraraw]

Osman,
I know it is very difficult to unite Africa where the political understanding of its people is not well developed and where a lot of interest groups like US, EU, Rassia, China, Japan....etc play a big role. Some of these interest powers of the world support such move for their own interest and of course some oppose it, also for their own interest.

But the idea is fantastic and if the current African leaders come to their senses and give African people's interest the first priority, I am sure it will prevail!!! Well INTEGRATED Africa is more beneficial for its people than the current disintegrated one!!!! Interesting is to read how the vision began and the goal is to form USAfrica in the year 2020!!!

"How It Began.... Mark Wood and Robert Wood, the Wood Brothers are the pioneers!

The Internet concept for "USA4USAFRICA" came from a prophetic song written by The Wood Bros entitled "November 18th 2020". Among the song's predictions are the Continental earthquake on the western Pacific rim in the year 2013 and the the 1st leader of the United States of Africa in 2020.

The USA4USAFRICA was actually born from the quote of Muhammad Ali in 1987 in a personal meeting in which he revealed he would like to see the whole of Africa united in his lifetime. I never forgot those words and decided one day I would have a viable way to make it happen. Then came the Internet and in a moment of epiphany the movement was reborn as USA4USAFRICA.

In 1996 The Wood Brothers uploaded a song to the Internet at http://unitedstatesafrica.tripod.com/ called ( “November 18th 2020” ) predicting among other things, a United States of Africa in the year 2020.or http://www.geocities.com/blueturbanstones

While we understand the beginning of the USA for USAfrica may have an unusual genesis, the heart felt reasons behind the movement are unmistakable, and the need for a United States of Africa, is Undeniable.

No continent in the world is better positioned than Africa, ( a United Africa ) to contribute to the welfare of Mankind over the next thousand years. As an ABC Night Line reporter covering Africa noted, "Africa is 98% virtually the same as it was a thousand years ago." An incredible vast land of undeveloped potential both for it's people and the world.

In a United States of Africa, a citizen could freely travel from Gambia to South Africa to Algeria or anywhere on the continent to seek education, opportunity, commerce or the simple pleasure of tourist travel within their vast country.

A common African currency much like the EU model affords the ability to buy and sell throughout the continent with a reliable backed currency. A transcontinental citizenship throughout Africa will one day become the envy of the free world.

Much of Africa's third world debt could be relived if freedom and security of capitalism were able to thrive in any African country - state from taxes paid by companies involved in business in any African location. An immediate positive effect would arise from local, municipal and federal levels throughout Africa.

Any and all of these possibilities can only arise from what can take place in a United States of Africa. With national borders being no more restrictive than state borders, allowing transcontinental travel, commerce and opportunity for all African citizens.

A United States of Africa with the largest usable coastline in the world could one day be the country that enriches all of Mankind, feeds the world, heals the world, teaches the world and balances the world. There is so much more involved and the USA for USAfrica is not naive to the many levels that must be addressed, our point is the dialogue must begin at once, in the media, on the airwaves, in discussions and editorials.

The concept of a United States of Africa must immediately be brought into public debate worldwide and among Africans themselves."

[osman]

Meraraw


It is wonderfull idea to begin with, at the current situation that we in. it will be very hard for the people of this continent to swalow this idea or to have digested the idea . In order to open this wonderful idea of yours or this greate vision of yours that you wanted to have. Firest we need to have all the African counties to have more parties to represent the people. To be free all things that have put them in the current situation that we in. Secondly all the dictaitors should step down and thridly the people of this continet should have say whether they want to have united African.


I believe if we have united Africa, we might become the greatest superpower on earth but it is very very hard tiring raod to walk. I liked your idea bro but only God knows how we get there. good lucky bro


osman Qooje

[Meraraw]

Osman,
thanks!! If we have faith in the goal, we can definetly get the way to it!! Just being pessimist paralyses us not to start the journey. The journey can be full of obstacles, but let's take the first step and step by step try to remove the obstacles. Probably by the year 2020 as planned by the two bro-pioneers, we have removed the obstacle and achieved the goal!!

[Teklu]

why, too bad for u? for us dont worry, we dont have so we will not loose anything

"Yekottun Awerd Bila Yebibitwan Talech"

idiom in Ethiopia

[Meraraw]

Weyannie,
this idiom works for you Weyanes for you do occupy the Horn and if you try to occupy Africa as you did in the Horn. The attempt of other Africans to forge USAfrica is against your hegemonial philosophy in which you talk as Ethiopian but walk as Tigirean. In USAfrica, you will talk and walk like Tigrean and live being limited to power only in Tigray. Is this scary??????

[Meraraw]

Weyannie,
this idiom works for you Weyanes for you do occupy the Horn and if you try to occupy Africa as you did in the Horn. The attempt of other Africans to forge USAfrica is against your hegemonial philosophy in which you talk as Ethiopian but walk as Tigirean. In USAfrica, you will talk and walk like Tigrean and live being limited to power only in Tigray. Is this scary??????

There is nothing worthy that can happen in Africa that we either don't support or oppose.
Kwame Nkrumah or Janhoy would have done better if they had done in their enclaves instead of sloganeering good sounding words, but not practical.

Our conduct with Sudan, Kenya, Djibouti and Somalia should be a lesson to anyone who wants to achieve good neighborhood. Then you can work at expanding this good neighborhood.
Any thing else is illusional and will remain in the fiction section of the library.

Good neighbourhood??? What a joke?? Is intimidating and invading them at your will just for you have the support of your masters Blair and Bush to enslave your African brothers some thing you brag about?????????

[Meraraw]

Interesting how blind you are just to paint your atrocities with such good words. Fact is that you are killer machines who first silenced all Ethiopians and now trying the same on the above listed neighbours. You are the biting mad dogs trained by your Ferenj masters and now biting all in the horn!!!

Enjoy the following article:

"NES COMMENTARY. No.3
Network of Ethiopian Scholars (NES)

Title: Making African Integration at the Core of African
Development and Structural Transformation!
‘
Out of a sample of developing countries, real wages
between 1975-79 and 1987-1991 fell in 16 out of 24 cases.
Generally the fall in equality, and wages, was greatest in
Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East’ World Bank
figures
1. The Changing Global Environment Affect Africa
The global environment from the 60s to the 80s facilitated
the public role to steer markets, education, infrastructure
health and economy. As a consequence many African countries
registered positive economic growth in spite of endemic
corruption and unpredictable and unlawful patterns of
governance arrangements in many of the existing postcolonial
states. The world also enjoyed a global economic
boom. World incomes rose including those from the
developing world.
From the 1980s to 2000 the global environment changed
dramatically against the poorer part of the world. African
countries were trapped in debt and debt servicing when
their economies were not growing and incomes were
declining. This turn defined the mean temper of the time
where rugged individualism, competition and survival of the
1
fittest were preached at the global level from the key
Anglo-Saxon leaders of the world. The politics of economics
was radically reduced to orthodox adjustment policies
famously dubbed as the Washington consensus.
2. Africa and the World Economy?
The interesting question is how can Africans as a community
emerge to deal with a world economy and globalisation by
learning to insulate themselves, by not fighting or
learning to be far when they are so near or in the world
economy? This is a real common challenge for Africans. How
can Africans collectively win by being in the world economy
and without fighting it? How can they grow without
fighting? How can they free themselves from debt and
poverty without fighting?
The best available option is if they can centre the
integration of their economies, their human capability
building strategies and their infrastructure at the core of
the development and innovative dynamics of their respective
economies collectively and with an eye to forge together.
This requires huge political will to re-orientate their
economies by promoting the conditions where Africans learn
and choose to consume what they produce first and not
remain trapped in the logic of comparative advantage. It
must be said much of existing economic theories including
the sympathetic versions suffer not so much from a failure
of not being able to picking up essential and core themes
relevant to Africa's economic growth. No, that is not
strictly the case. They suffer from framework deficiency,
i.e., from a deficiency of failure to innovate both the
Africa Nation and the Africa Economy as the driving engines
of developing and structurally transforming Africa from
poverty to prosperity.
3. Advanced Institute for African Integration Research
We need research and knowledge by creating the Institute of
Advanced African Integration Research (IAAIR) with branches
across the continent linked to policy makers, the academy,
businesses and the trade unions and other civil society
associations in order to find practical knowledge to find,
2
translate and interlock through knowledge, resource and
commodity chains the African producer-user interactions to
stimulate the innovative African economy.
Africans must learn to experiment practically how to
implement integration rather than always talking the need
about it. Almost anyone who cares to write about Africa’s
economic development always recognises the need for
integration. This can be those economists writing from the
Reaganite-Thatcherite persuasion or those who criticise
neo-classical orthodoxy. There have been over 200
integration schemes, but as yet no substantial breakthrough
has occurred on African integration.
4. Concluding Remark
50 years after Ghana’s independence gives us a pause to
raise this vital question. Why the core of Africa’s
development- is its integrations- have not been central to
accelerate Africa’s development, growth and prosperity?
What is holding Africans back? Are Africans prepared to
find renewed commitment to make and develop the African
economy by integrating it at every level possible?
After decolonisation, we had the wind of change. African
economies grew. Then the backlash from orthodoxy and the
debt crises came. African economies regressed. The rise of
Asia was celebrated. The fall of Africa was lamented.
Africa still faces a difficult world environment that the
MIT political economist Alice Amsden has described as
’hell’ to undertake a root and branch development. Those
who argue to form an African Union Government, if anything,
have a point, to learn to deal with this negative pressure
on African development as united Africans. Let the grand
debate continue to make new Africa by making good the
African Union Government.
Mammo Muchie on behalf of NES"

[Meraraw]

Aite Welkayit,
the notorious liar!! Can you just go back to Meqelle and then ask us to live in good neighbourhood with you?? Do you know how you are hated and rejected by your neighbours Amharas, Oromos, Somalis, Eritreans...etc??

And you brag about good neighbourhood with the far neighbours!!! You are just joking at the cost of your next generation. Today you can fill your belly by using the opportunity you got, but your children do have no good neighbour where to go to beg, leave alone to dominate!!!

[Meraraw]

How is your version of ZERAF in Tigirinya?? Or you lack any sound like the food you eat aka Anbexaas??

If you want genuine discussion, stop your cheap lie and face the reality!! That you are living at the cost of your next generation is not empty ZERAF, but hard fact you don't want to look at now.

Just enjoy Amhara's INJERAA, Gurage's KITFOO and Oromo's cofee which you never had in your life and stay blind for what you may experience from the cooperating Amharas, Gurages, Oromos, Somalis... against you blood suckers!!!!!

[azeb]

Weyane,
You are always mad when people talk about unity & peace.we are tired of your war monger and hate clan politics.The ultimate solution for Africa is unity and individual freedom.People should elect their own leaders under one Ethiopia or one Africa.

[Democrat]

Congratulations Merraraw, you really hit the chord ( a cold knife) on this freeloading murderer and blood sucker. He needs to be sent to his old begging and flee infested despicable life.
On a serious note though, the AU has been so far as pathetic and useless as the OAU was. You may be disappointed for it is a noble idea, but these monkeys can not even unite their families. They are corrupt (Meles, Musevini, etc..) hidous and self-serving. I am afraid, that idea maybe evolutionary and you know where African leaders are on the evolutionary ladder. African nations need to respect eachother's territory befoe any idea like this is entertained. The principles of democracy should be adopted by the UN and the AU, and any country that failes to pass the democratic tests, such as human rights, pluralist rule, etc... should be expelled from these organiztions for this idea to work. When I say democratic principles, I mean real principles.

[Meraraw]

Aite Welqayit,
is there any level lower than that of you blood sucker Anbexxas? You prostitute, you lie, you cheat, you kill, you loot, you make peacefull Ethiopian nations fight each other, you cold bloodedly massacre our neighbours in their capital city, you even betray your promotors who created you and brought you to Finfinne aka Eritreans, you now rule Ethiopian peope at gun point and want to preach us democracy, you are simply political DURIYEES and SHERMUXAAS!! Is there any one below this level? No !!! We the participants of this forum are not fair to go to your level and talk with you stu*pid ACIBERBAARIS!!

Democrat,
thanks, I know that these corrupt dictators are not in a position to forge a democratic USAfrica. But just because of this we don't have to give up supporting and promoting this noble idea!!!! Here is the current move towards the goal: http://allafrica.com/stories/200705310421.html I think and hope the evolution you mentioned is going on!! My question is: why do Weyanes like their cadre Welkayit against the move of forming USAfrica???

[Teklu]

My question is: why do Weyanes like their cadre Welkayit against the move of forming USAfrica???

u wrote it already
they talk as Ethiopian but walk as Tigirean

[Meraraw]

You mean they cannot talk as African and walk as Tigirean?? Does formation of USAfrica mean for them going back to DEDEBIT for QULQUWAL-LEQEMAA, no more enjoying Oromia's meat, coffee and milk??!!!

[Jason]

Meraraw preach my brother!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! You just nacked out this stoogie Welkayit the infamous forum blogger. I'm loving it!!!

[Teklu]

yes u right. They fooled us once while we were desperate for change, they know that they cannot fool us again let alone fooling the whole africa.

You mean they cannot talk as African and walk as Tigirean?? Does formation of USAfrica mean for them going back to DEDEBIT for QULQUWAL-LEQEMAA, no more enjoying Oromia's meat, coffee and milk??!!!

[Meraraw]

Jason and Teklu,
thanks!! The blood suckers have sensed what they may loose if Africa cooperates and integrates. Read the following proposal from PAP: http://www.pambazuka.org/aumonitor/imag ... l_2007.pdf

[aghere]

Meraraw,

You are going with the wave or hurricune that destroys every one on the way.The present situation is showing that we Africans are being stooges for the west.They tell us how to be like them but not allow us to be ourselves.They teach us the traits of a normal individual taking in consideration their own evil traits.We then we start to be shrewed and insane for dollar.This is what I see in you and others that suggest united Africa.

Look Africa is become of hot cake of west and east.The Chinese are roaming from country to country in order to buy the African leaders just to get their raw materials.India is doing its own share of buying African leaders where the market is becoming expencive.USA and Europe is doing also their own assignment in order to buy stooge African leaders like the Woyane leader,Melese Zenawi.Not only that the Kenyan,Ugandan,and the Somali interim government leader are some of the leaders that are already sold.

You brother think that Africa will be united.Who is going to unite Africa?Who is going to be the architecture of the United Africa?Again the colonial masters and the neocolonialsts like USA and China?The already evil filled leaders of our time cannot do the United Africa.If you think it is possible then the first president of United Africa will be Melese Zenawi.Do you know what it means?The USA will have a grip on Africa as it is doing on Ethiopia.There will not be unity among the Africans but the leaders will be united under the leadership of USA.What we learned from the political situation in Ethiopia Africa is far from the spirit of unity.When the capical city of Africa is conducting ethinicism leadership and hating other ethnics there will not be any smell of your food which is not well cooked.

Finally let me tell you this for your information.The USA government is facing a challenge from the Chinese economic progress and the competition to exploit the raw materials in Africa.So it is becoming difficult for USA to convince the African leaders to side its endeavor in Africa.The only one way to control the challenge is to have one stooge African leader like Melese Zenawi who is ready to kill his own people and the people of other African brothers and sisters.Did you forget what Melese did to the Anuaks?Do you think this type of people will be the architectures of African unity?We have the slave mentality of 21st century and we cannot speak the African language of unity.Hence your innocent hysteric approach is fatal and groundless.

[aghere]

Meraraw,

You are going with the wave or hurricune that destroys every one on the way.The present situation is showing that we Africans are being stooges for the west.They tell us how to be like them but not allow us to be ourselves.They teach us the traits of a normal individual taking in consideration their own evil traits.We then we start to be shrewed and insane for dollar.This is what I see in you and others that suggest united Africa.

Look Africa is become of hot cake of west and east.The Chinese are roaming from country to country in order to buy the African leaders just to get their raw materials.India is doing its own share of buying African leaders where the market is becoming expencive.USA and Europe is doing also their own assignment in order to buy stooge African leaders like the Woyane leader,Melese Zenawi.Not only that the Kenyan,Ugandan,and the Somali interim government leader are some of the leaders that are already sold.

You brother think that Africa will be united.Who is going to unite Africa?Who is going to be the architecture of the United Africa?Again the colonial masters and the neocolonialsts like USA and China?The already evil filled leaders of our time cannot do the United Africa.If you think it is possible then the first president of United Africa will be Melese Zenawi.Do you know what it means?The USA will have a grip on Africa as it is doing on Ethiopia.There will not be unity among the Africans but the leaders will be united under the leadership of USA.What we learned from the political situation in Ethiopia Africa is far from the spirit of unity.When the capical city of Africa is conducting ethinicism leadership and hating other ethnics there will not be any smell of your food which is not well cooked.

Finally let me tell you this for your information.The USA government is facing a challenge from the Chinese economic progress and the competition to exploit the raw materials in Africa.So it is becoming difficult for USA to convince the African leaders to side its endeavor in Africa.The only one way to control the challenge is to have one stooge African leader like Melese Zenawi who is ready to kill his own people and the people of other African brothers and sisters.Did you forget what Melese did to the Anuaks?Do you think this type of people will be the architectures of African unity?We have the slave mentality of 21st century and we cannot speak the African language of unity.Hence your innocent hysteric approach is fatal and groundless.

[Meraraw]

Aghere,
thanks for your opinion! I will come back to discuss your view!!

[Meraraw]

Aghere,
I don't want to comment on the views you do have about me (who I am and how I do behave). Just short comments about your perspective (Afroscepticism):

- Africa is the stoog of the west!! I do agree with you. The question is how should we change this?? Just be sceptical and pesimmist??? I don't think!! We need to empower Africa! How? Just start from a minute thing like writing constructive things in forums which promotes our strengh instead of just blaming ourselves (Africans)

- Who is going to unite Africa? Very good question!! I and you can contribute to it, if we do have faith in ourselves. Why should we talk always as if the West is the perpetrator and we Africans always the victims. Let's be transformed from victim to active people!!!

- USA will have a grip on Africa by making people like Meles Zenawi a president!! Ok USA can always have its grip, whether we be separated or united. HILM TEFERTOO, SAAYITEENYAA AYITAADERIM! Just fearing the possible such negative outcomes, we should not stop thinking what can be good for Africa.

- Africa is far from the spirit of unity!! You are right!! But what is a solution: to propagate our pessimism or just to encourage Africans to have such spirit of unity?

- "We have the slave mentality of 21st century, we cannot speak African language of unity"!! What do you mean? Is dreaming or speaking about African unity a symptom of slavery? It is clear that different powers in the world such as USA, EU, Rassia, china, India, Japan...etc do have their own interest in Africa. We Africans need to come together and try to assert our interest. Our status quo also cannot prevent them from exploiting us. Probably the united we are, the less will be the exploitation!!

[sony]

"Yekottun Awerd Bila Yebibitwan Talech"

Welkayit,

That saying is for you Woyanes who wanted first independent, to find out later you don't even have any thing to survive by your own.

I have even better Ethiopian saying for you woyanes "Assa gorguari Zendo ye Wetal, Ye sew felagi ye rasun Yatal!!!"


Merraraw
My stand is, as always with few adjustments the idea is very good and unavoidable.

[kunta konte]

Dear Meraraw,
It is a noble idea, and every one of us should support this kind of positive vision.
I am sure the task force will face so many difficulty, becasue of most of Africans are not educated but regardless anything to start the paln and work for it will be good and will eliminate the idea of tribalism in the continent.

Peace!!

Union Government of Africa (UGA): what a nice vision!!! Read here the final proposal from the Pan African Parlament (PAP) http://www.pambazuka.org/aumonitor/imag ... l_2007.pdf

Africa will be one country and the current 54 national states will be reduced to the status of only federal states: http://unitedstatesafrica.tripod.com/ The expected process is to forge Africa with:
- one transcontinental citizenship
- one currency
- one defence force
- one foreign department
- one policy of foreign trade
- one centeral government managing the above
- one pan-African parlament
- one African court of law
- univisum = people without border as Africans used to live before 1885 Scramble for Africa
- free from legacy of colonialism such as artificial borders which devided for eg. Oromos in to two, Tigarus in to two, Afars in to three, Somalis in to five...etc and slowly forge a working inter-Africa federal states. At the begining the 54 current African countries will be the federal states in USAfrica.

What is the impact for us "Ethiopians"? First Ethiopia will be one of the federal states and slowly it will be changed to the fact that national states like Oromia, Tigrai, Amharai, Afar, Somalia ...etc will be the autonomous federal states in a USAfrica.

So the question to be asked is: why should Amharas cry for centeralization of Ethiopia and Oromos for secession of Oromia?? Both these movements are against the movement and policy of forging USAfrica.

I think CUD and OLF leaders who formed AFD are such far-sighted, so that they agreed to struggle for the common agendas like Freedom and Democracy giving up their illusion of eg. desmantling Oromia and decolonizing Oromia respectively.

Let's all take this vision of AFD and fight against Weyane fascists to forge first a democratic and integrated Ethiopia with a genuine autonomy of Oromia, Amharai, Tigrai, Afar, Somali...etc to pave the way for USAfirca as described above.

Viva USAfrica!!!!!!
Visit also
http://unitedstatesafrica.com
http://unitedstatesafrica.50megs.com
http://unitedstatesofafrica.blogspot.com

[Meraraw]

Sony and Meqidela,
thanks!!!!

[aghere]

Meraraw,

Do not be naive.Your innocence has led you astray.Because the people accepted Mengistu innocently we got as a present Melese Zenawi.Mengistu built the infrastructure of dictatorship and we are having this atrocity of Melese Zenawi.

Meraraw could you give some clues that lead Africans to unity?It is lovely to speak about unity but unity is not the thing that is the element of present African leadership.African leadership is full of egoistic mentality and lack of confidence.Self confidence and integrity are the basic elements that we need in unity.But could you pin point an African leader who is honest to himself and to his people?You can start from your own country which is a shame of Africa.The leader instead of building Ethiopia he wants to dismantle the one that was the model and pride of Africa.Could you tell me my brother if there are elements that will lead to unity in Africa?

Meraraw you are hasty and naive with clean heart.But the reality teaches us that Africans will not be united forever.Africans know to live peacefully only in foreighn countries selling their body and their mind.That they know and they do it properly.We have African scientists,doctors and professors and millioners.But when you come to Africa the same mind that makes wonders in foreign lands cannot do it at home.The scientist will not be a scientist in Africa.Do you know why?Morons are in the leadership.If morons continue to lead the African countries the African people will remain morons.

Meraraw do not take it personal.I have seen what the leadership in Ethiopia is based upon.The Kenyans are also burial place of the intellectuals.We have seen what happened in Ruanda and the genocide that was done which is a digust and shame of Africa.You can see what is going on in Nigeria.Corruption is rampant.The oil that is pumped under the feet of the Nigerians is not helping the citizens but is building the wealth of foreigners.Israel has no diamond but the diamond industry is in the hand of the Jews and the Israelis.But it is dug down and taken from Africa with the help of African leaders.

Sorry for telling you all that you know.But I wrote just to tell you that the mind of the African leaders' mind should be transformed.But who is going to transform their mind?Are you able to compromise with the Woyane leader?Do you have tools to analyse African's problems with leaders like Melese Zenawi?

Be positive.Let God help you in your endeavor.

[Meraraw]

Aghere,
you can tell me what and who I am. Important is the exchange of views we do have on the issue: USAfrica!! You oppose, I support; you are sceptical, I am optimisitc.

Your main arguement is the corrupted and inefficient leaders!! You are against them. You also despise Africans' ability to come to and maintain unity.

Do you think you are exceptional??? I don't think, you belong to these African polity and public, who can do no better if you will be given the position the leaders do have.

To unify Africa we don't need perfect leaders, polity and public. We inefficient and ignorant Africans also can dream, start and struggle to unite and defend our interest. Our African leaders also should not be perfect, the dictators and corrupts also can start this noble idea. Step by step we Africans can have good leaders, well educated citiznes and a working African unity which can be the best garant of our interest.

[Meraraw]

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Ethiopian Review News

Kinijit high-level official attends African Union Summit in Accra, Ghana
Jul 1st, 2007

Ato Andargachew Tsige, a senior official of the Kinijit International Leadership, is currently in Accra, Ghana, to attend the annual African Union Summit. Ato Andargachew is carrying the following message from Kinijit to be delivered at the 3-day summit which will convene today:

______________________
Statement on the Union Government of Africa
The Coalition for Unity & Democracy (Kinijit)

The Heads of States and Governments of the African Union (AU), at their forthcoming Summit in Accra (Ghana), are expected to put another milestone in the political history of the Continent. At this Summit, the modalities of transforming the AU into the Union Government of Africa; popularly referred to as the United States of Africa, will be at the centre of the negotiation. The International Political Committee of the Coalition for Unity and Democracy Party (CUDP-Kinijit) has the honour and the privilege to forward the compliments of our jailed leaders to the Head of States and Governments of Africa, and express our party’s support for the unity of Africa through peaceful and democratic means.

The Union Government of Africa will be successful, if and only, if the source of political power is the ballot box; through free and fair elections; and its governance structure is unambiguously founded on the principles of separations of powers; with an independent and transparent judiciary and the rule of law; a vibrant press that harnesses democracy, traditions and value systems; and an academia whose mission is to advance new knowledge and provide the education and skills required for the new economy. These key enabling features of good governance and development should be enshrined in an overarching Continental Constitution that should be ratified by a referendum.

The Union Government of Africa, if formed under the above solid grounds, brings nightmares to anti democratic regimes in the Continent; whose hands and minds have been the cause of bloodsheds and misery to millions of Africans. They will object and sabotage its formation as it will expose not only their maladministration, but their horrendous crimes against humanity. One such regime is unfortunately found in Ethiopia.

The details of the illegitimate Prime Minister’s misrule of Ethiopia are too many to be detailed in this statement. Inspecting the December 15, 2005 resolution of the European Parliament and the draft bill of the United States Congress and the reports of human rights organizations like Amnesty International and the Ethiopian Human Rights Council provides a glimpse of the atrocities committed by the regime. In other words, there is overwhelming evidence that allows the AU to invoke the instruments of international law and its own conventions against such regimes, including the minority regime in Ethiopia and its cabal.

Meles Zenawi is not only dangerous to Ethiopians. His venom has started to spread to the rest of the Continent. We therefore call upon the Heads of States and Governments of the AU to first and foremost save NEPAD and the APRM. These programmes and institutions are too important to be left to rot in the hands of a charlatan. It is indeed ridiculous and ironic to find Meles at the helm of these institutions. Hence, we call upon President John Kufuor, the current President of the AU to officially raise these concerns at the Summit, and address the plight of political prisoners in the continent.

Free Political Prisoners in Ethiopia!

[Meraraw]

1
NES Commentary No.5
Network of Ethiopian Scholars (NES)
June 29-30, 2007
Title: Africa must unite with a big-bang even if the heavens fall: A Call to the
Summit in ACCRA!!1. Inspiring quotes!
“The brighter day is rising upon Africa. Already I seem to see her chains dissolved her
desert plains red with harvest, her Abyssinia and Zululand the seats of science and
religion, reflecting the glory of the rising sun from the spires of their churches and
universities.” (Kwame Nkrumah), Pan-Africanist first leader of Independent Ghana
“Had I more than one life to live I would spend it for Africa” (George Padmore), Trinidadian
Pan-Africanist who joined Ghana’s first independent Government after 1957
“This is Africa’s age. This is the dawn of her fulfilment- the beginning of her climb to
sublimity” (Albert Luthuli), South African Zulu Chief
The commitment to Africa is a love thing. And a love thing can only come from the heart.
Stevie Wonder, Musician who has also a home in Ghana from 1995.
2
2. Introduction
On the eve of this historic African Heads of States meeting with a possible impending
decision expected on how and when to implement the one and only one item on the
agenda: the African Union Government: towards the United states of Africa, NES joins all
the inspiring pan-Africanists such as Kwame Nkrumah, George Padmore and others to
urge Africans to make a big- bang burst into world history by doing Pan-Africanism in
practice and making it work by deploying knowledge rather than to use as usual hundred
good or not so good reasons why Africans should continue to talk unity while keeping
separate and apart from each other.
3. There is no perfect time for unity: go for unity now, not later?
We must be aware that all times are times of transition, but after 500 years of oppression,
over 100 years of pan-African revival, 50 years after Ghana’s independence, nearly 40
years of the OAU, and 5 years of the AU, the current moment is not a moment to say let us
be cautious, let us be incremental, let us go slow and let us not speed up and get on the
slow lane of history. No, the moment requires that Africa should not throw its destiny as
hostage once again to the misfortune of the slow pace and the incremental. Time and time
again we have seen such calls for the slow lane have become the wrong lane of history.
The peculiarities and specific condition in Africa call exactly for the opposite to the slow
that has also become unfortunately and invariably very often the wrong lane. If Africans go
slow and one by one as we are certain a number of countries may wish or are likely to
prefer, they would always end up being open to one form of interference to another, one
form of conflict to another.
4. Move into the Fast Lane of History Now!
Unless this AU Heads of states Meeting puts a stop to the slow lane by recognising the
fast lane of history, then it will not be easy to see how qualitatively different it is with
respect to other times and other meetings. The grand debate will just remain grand in style
but not in substance. What is needed is the substance of unity and not the talk for unity.
3
Seize the fast lane of history. Move fast into the fast lane. Only then can history move
forward. Failure to seize the moment now, is to invite disappointment. Africans have had
expectations to come together and achieve collective self- respect not by giving what they
have and begging from those who have taken their resources and even their agency
embedded in the logic of their ‘giving.’.
This giving of Africa’s resources and begging for donor support can only stop if Africa
pursues an African national strategy. Everyone has a strategy on Africa; Africans have yet
to evolve a strategy to build the African national home by dealing with a difficult and
contradictory world by revealing their freedom, agency and independence.
Recall India during the Cold War. It managed to maintain a democratic national strategy by
keeping the Soviet Union happy by accepting planning for the commanding heights of its
economy, and by appealing to the USA by its convincing electoral democracy. Africans, on
the other hand got caught in the Cold War and lost entirely a national agency and strategy.
Today Africans are also lured to follow policies and strategies by allying with others such
as USA, China, EU, and the World Bank and so on and not Africa. Each of these countries
has a strategy on Africa, but Africa’s united strategy is hard to see. When Africans unite, it
pays off handsomely. The best case is when Africans united to recommend Kofi Annan to
be UN General Secretary. There are many things Africans can do together that will be
hugely beneficial to the people of Africa. That is why the urge to reveal African will and
agency to communicate better with each other and the rest of the world with self-respect
does not brook any delay. Move into the fast lane of history now. It is not a wrong turn
indeed to move fast. It is, in fact, the right turn, at the right time, for the right purpose and
reason. Only staying in the slow lane of history is to bet and tempt misfortune.
5. Africa must learn to stand up!
It is high time that Africa must unite now without any procrastination to stand up free and
independent in a turbulent world. African unity is the rock- base for the production of
Africa’s agency and communication with African self-respect. There is thus great
expectations that this latest summit in Accra that is taking place will not disappoint Africans
4
the world over. It will live up to the grandness and the singular vision that the agenda
suggests. Great expectations have arisen that that the meeting in Accra by the AU will
implement the one and only agenda it set for itself. The great disappointment would come
if little comes out of this great debate and grand agenda: The Africa Union Governmenttowards
the United States of Africa. If no unity ensues, it will certainly disappoint Africans
the world over. Unity will be the beginning of the end of African common suffering. It will
begin our common joy and celebration. There is no doubt the world will not be the same
once Africans unite and create a strategy for change of Africa’s current unacceptable
condition. There will be indeed an earth-shaking dramatic change when an African
strategy towards Africa and the rest of the world is born with protocols and institutional
norms and enforcement mechanisms. It means the moment has been seized. No longer
will Africans undercut each other to beg others , once they freely and willingly choose to
come together, enter into dialogue and work for the people of Africa by aligning, uniting
their interests and their aspirations. That is indeed a grand historic moment. Will it take
place in Accra or not- that is the grand question?
6. Donor econocentrism will continue to keep Africans apart!
Two obstacles remain as a sore preventing Africa from entering the phase of self-reliant
development: irrational fragmentation from a casual tearing up of the continent into
incoherent real estates of the African peoples, and dependence on donors to finance
African development. The first is a result from monumental historical-political crimes
whose only rectification demands a big-bang decision to annul, reject and overcome the
boundaries with fierce intellectual, moral and political vision to fulfil the constitutions of the
Africa-nation while allowing voluntary free movement of people making the boundaries
innocuous to Africa’s peoples.
The second is to create a unified African strategy and unified approach to dealing with the
outside donor world with an African strategy by neutralising the poison from within money
as honey that donor aid has come to be in Africa. The two are dialectically linked. Weak
and fragmented states depend on external sources of aid largely unable and not often in a
position to mobilise internal resources. Political fragmentation has created unviable
5
economic entities. Conversely lack of success in economic development has created weak
political structures, developments and so-called failed states that fall prostate with begging
bowls. African fragmentation liquidates African agency whilst bolstering donor agency.
Africa’s position as a donor recipient accentuates inter-African fragmentation and destroys
the chance to evolve a unified African strategy. Donor econocentrism destroys Africa’s
logocentric imagination, vision and strategy to evolve a unified and Africa-centred
development. The two inter-related challenges confronting the African world includes
building the unified African logo and beat back the divisive temptation of succumbing to
donor’s econocentric logic, devices and schemes that fragment space and people.
A related critical issue is how Africans must come together with a world economy that has
crushed them into debt since the 1980s, and how they can follow Sun Tzu’s principle: the
supreme art of fighting is to win without fighting. How can Africans evolve a strategy to win
in spite of the fact their position in the world economy is unflattering? The world economy
cannot be said to support the integrated African economy, which is necessary to build
Africa’s aspiration to create the infinite well being of African people.
7. Current Fragmentation cannot be afforded and Pan-African Unity cannot
be avoided!!
For over half-a century now, it has been proposed that Pan-African political unity is the
necessary remedy to overcome fragmentation. It is the only basis for mobilising Africa’s
own resources and asserting its exclusive use for Africa’s own development. It is the
defence that can potentially prevent internal and external robbery of Africa’s rich mineral
and agricultural resources by evolving a common and legitimate African economic strategy
that will challenge the problem of having to rely from weakness on those external actors
that neither have the intention nor the desire in financing Africa’s integrated development.
The G8 meeting in Gleneagles promised 50 billion and remains unfulfilled. The recent G8
meeting in Germany promises much but one is sceptical by past accounts whether it too
will be fulfilled. The grand lesson is this: Africans must rely on Africans and must build their
unity to own their mineral and agricultural wealth and manufacture that into value-added
6
wealth.
8. How a Pan-African Monetary Union May Work: Showing this by Offering a
Concrete Example
Africa's new relationship with the rest of the world will be born when Africans learn to
neutralise the harm that the unholy trinity of loans, aid and debt has done to them. One
key initiative African leaders can take collectively is to establish a dual currency system
that can largely self-finance an integrated African development. The currency for the
domestic economy should be an inconvertible people's money. The existing state
currencies that are not exchanged directly with each other, and whose exchange rate is
mediated with the dollar, the frank and the Euro, should give way to direct exchanges
based on a fair settlement of the appropriate par value. Naturally, diversities, inequalities,
different levels of development, differing attitudes and interests present problems in
constructing a workable unified currency system.
It is precisely to deal with these varied problems that Africa needs a currency system to
create liquidity. The direct exchange of local currencies promotes the exchange of private
labours across Africa. The exchange of the local to local currency via a global currency
continues to fragment Africa and integrate discrete interests and regions with the world
economy. The key is to find strategies for Africa to integrate with a world economy as a
whole and not in parts.
The domestication of the foreign orientation of the existing national currencies is
necessary to make Africa re- link with the world economy on its own terms and not terms
dictated by others. Monetary union is a key strategy to bring about a new relationship. Its
proper construction requires bountiful political will that we cannot take for granted exist
given the ties and propensity of the existing states not to pursue real collective action that
matters. Differences in economic size and significance of the existing 53 states cannot be
shunned aside. In principle, large and small economies can enter into a unified system
without loss. As long as a situation of 'being better off for some without being worse off for
all' exists for all those embarking on currency union, negotiations for a peaceful and
evolutionary monetary system can proceed. At all costs states should not demand parity
7
between large economies and small economies. The objective is in the end to evolve into
a unified market, unified currency area and unified economic zone. However, the move
must be sensible and realistic and various domestic constituencies and their external
supporters within the existing states have to be brought along by initiating a programme of
fair, gradual and transparent African-wide currency or monetary union. If the cost and
benefits for the various sections of social groups can be fairly worked out, possibilities
exist even to neutralise transnational, supranational actors, who will no doubt be worked
up by the suggestion for a monetary union.
There are innumerable informal, spontaneous and voluntary cross-border transactions in
Africa. Most of those engaged in such transactions would prefer exchanging their goods
for hard currencies such as dollars or franks. This is often related to the pegging of local
currencies with the US dollar and French frank. An African currency that can be built up to
serve as a sort of local dollar or frank will stimulate the domestic market and the
communication amongst African regions, peoples, communities, markets and states.
Once agreed to embark on the process to make a unified currency, adjustments can be
negotiated, trust can be built and exchange rates can be settled. The unified currency will
assist gradually to overcome the limitation of many weak currencies with new money
serving as a unit of account, a store of value, means of payment and means of circulation
convertible within Africa.
9. The Case for an Inconvertible African Currency until Africa creates
Economic Integration?
African economies continue to import and export vertically and not horizontally with each
other. This structure reflects also a largely unchanged trade pattern between Africa's
primary products and manufactured products from the western world. Economic
diversification is still a job waiting to be done. The weakness of African currencies is tied to
the lack of a diversified economic structure. The price of foreign money is high and the
price of local money is low. For example, the French frank used to be 100 times the local
CFA frank in West and Central Africa. One Euro is CFA 665.957. Now the Frank is dead
in France replaced by the Euro and is alive in West and Central Africa! Tourists and real
estate dealers with French franks or Euros can purchase services and local assets in
8
Africa with a couple of thousands of these notes. Africans wishing to import French and
Western goods will want to get hold of French franks (and now Euros) as their money is
too weak to purchase foreign goods. African exports should be cheaper but with so many
tariff barriers to Africa's primary and semi-manufactured goods and worsening terms of
trade, and unchanging commodity portfolios, the advantage of devalued local currencies is
neutralised. Africa in the CFA zone largely loses both in its exports and imports based on
the existing arrangements.
Money and financial flows still occur between Africa and the west rather than within Africa
itself. Inter-African integration, mobility of money, labour and capital is more difficult than
the movement of money, people and capital between African states and the west. This
pattern has been reinforced by the system of Africa's dependence on loans, grants and
debt. When debt repayment becomes a priority, the political economy of the interest of the
International Financial Institutions (IFIs) becomes paramount. When improvement of the
standard of livelihood of the population is a priority, social spending will be necessary to
bring it about. However, despite the rhetoric by the IFIs as "friends of the poor" following
policies of poverty reduction, loans through such schemes as the heavily indebted poor
countries schemes (HIPCs), policies of structural adjustment have been followed, in
reality, at the expense of social spending for development. Africa has been confronted with
a stark constraint: a policy structure that has privileged debt repayment over development.
International politics and economics have forced this policy choice over a Pan-African
alternative. To maintain or to change this policy structure is an important issue confronting
Africa in the 21st century. The Pan-African quest is to change the African situation, while
the IFIs want to retain the status quo of debt- payment as a priority under the guise of the
poverty-reduction rhetoric. Debt-repayment distorts African economic policy in the direction
of producing the things Africa cannot consume and to consume the things it cannot
produce. It leads to the orientation by the domestic elite that revel in luxury consumption
unwilling to forgo whiskies, cars and other private comforts for the production and
development that service the wellbeing of ordinary people. It leads to a new political
economy of the syndicate. The latter designates the symbiotic relation of the domestic elite
in relation to the external donors: the international elite centred within the IMF, World Bank
and the WTO. Together the syndicate (whatever the misgiving between and within)
promotes export-orientation, the economic bible of comparative advantage and
9
competitiveness to solve Africa's piling debt with yet more and more loans based on more
and more stringent conditions.
The advice from the international elite is to keep the capital account of African states open
and unregulated. This furthers the vulnerabilities of Africa's economies to fall prey to
cyclical fluctuations in the world economy. They become easy victims to fast movements
of speculative finance that episodically ravishes whole economies like gales. The existing
53 state monetary arrangements in Africa are too fragmented to withstand powerful
movements in world finance and business cycles.
There has to be a creative way of breaking out of this trap for Africa. We back cast to look
for any past attempts to forge currency unions in order to forecast feasible alternatives to
get Africa going.
10. Monetary Union is not new in Africa!
Prior to the programmatic call by Nkrumah to set up a monetary union on an African scale
in May, 1963, there have been a number of attempts to set up monetary unions in different
regions of Africa.
The origin of the modern monetary unions is traceable to the colonial encounter between
Europe and Africa. The most enduring currency union has been that managed by France.
Those started by Britain and South Africa seemed to have lacked continuity from the
colonial to the post-colonial periods.
France planted the roots of the CFA Frank zone in 1945. This was a result of a decision by
the French colonial Government to crowd out the various local currencies and establish
the ‘frank’ as the sole money legally tender throughout the French colonies of West and
Central Africa since 1948!
France retained its control over the monetary arrangement of its West and Central African
ex-colonies in the 60s by creating two regional currencies that retained cleverly the ‘CFA
frank’ designation in both regions. The exchange rate between the ‘ CFA franks’ of the
10
West African Monetary Union and the Central African Monetary Area were made equalboth
maintaining the same parity against the French Frank and capital can move freely
between the two regions. Both monetary areas have since comprised what France calls
the ‘African Financial Community,’ where each currency is only legal tender in its own
region, despite the currencies being jointly managed by the French Treasury as integral
parts of a single monetary union.
Though France was not a member of the CFA itself, its Ministry of Finance held the
operational accounts and the foreign-exchange reserves of the Central Banks of West and
Central Africa. France insured convertibility of ‘CFA frank’ at a fixed price, set and
controlled rules for credit withdrawal and maintained a ratio of 50:1 between the CFA frank
and the French frank for half a century. In 1994 there was a devaluation of the ‘CFA frank’
to the ‘French frank’ by a ratio of 100:1. In January 1999, the CFA was pegged to the
‘Euro’ rather than the ‘French frank’, but in all other respects the French Ministry of
Finance retained substantive control over the ‘CFA frank’ zones. The Euro seems to have
been introduced via France into West and Central Africa two years before twelve of its
members began to use it as legal tender this year.
The British also had created a less successful East African Currency Board in 1919 and
issued a common currency unit, the East African Shilling, as legal tender in Kenya,
Tanganyika and Uganda. After independence in the 60s, the common currency area broke
apart. Efforts to mend the break up are still continuing with the re-establishment of the
East African Community.
In addition during the 1920s the then independent Republic of South Africa collaborated
with the colonial powers to create a common monetary area. The Common Monetary Area
embraced South Africa, former British colonies Botswana, Lesotho and Swaziland and the
then German colony, Namibia. After decolonisation in the late 60s, the ‘Rand Monetary
Area’ was formed in 1974, though diamond –rich Botswana was not in it preferring to set
up the ‘ pula’ as national money. The monetary union based on the rand has gradually
loosened into an exchange rate union and appears to falter as a sustainable monetary
union.
11
The division of Africa into currency zones has eased largely through the demise of the
sterling area. However, the frank zone is still active and the dollar has moved into hitherto
sterling areas and even in the CFA frank zones. Both the dollar and the ‘frank [word deleted] Euro’
will not easily give up their control of Africa. In particular France will not easily give up its
exclusive hegemony over much of West and Central Africa comprising together some
fourteen existing states. The pegging of CFA franks to the Euro has not loosened the
French grip over the monetary area. Such continued French grip can affect the effort to
create a big-bang evolution into an African monetary system
It is interesting to note that more efforts were made during the colonial period to create
currency unions than in the period of political independence. The fact that Africa was
diverted from following Pan-African directions in the post-colonial period meant that
projects for currency unions to create liquidity to finance inter-African development were
abandoned. Part of the problem was continued pressure from the ex- colonial powers. The
British pound in Western Africa was used to punish nationalist regimes like Ghana
prompting the creation of the cedi when Britain devalued the West African pound.
11. Some ideas for an African monetary union now?
· A unified African currency must be built as stable so that all those engaged in transaction
can benefit without inflation and/or deflationary pressures.
· Acts of discrimination and restrictions on legitimate or lawful transactions in all markets
must be forbidden.
· The trade system within Africa must be open, free and fair and the African security
environment should sustain this freedom of internal trade and investment.
· There must be an agreement for the leading members of the AU community to guarantee
and underwrite the smooth and stable functioning of an African currency. These leading
members can be selected from the regions. The selection of the members has to be based
on consensus and consent.
.The transition from the state-based currency system to the African monetary system must
be based on lawful, non-dislocation and evolutionary strategy. The transition must be
voluntary based on principles of persuasion, consent and the pursuit of common
12
objectives.
· The transition from the use of current state -based currency arrangements to a unified
one requires that states are willing and committed to co-ordinate monetary, interest and
budgetary policies amongst themselves. They understand that currency integration adds to
their sovereignty rather than subtract it. Both the dual currency and the currency union will
be used for helping to insulate states from borrowing to fall in debt by creating Africans
own liquidity to finance Africa’s development.
· The African monetary union will resist existing African monetary arrangements that mirror
the breakdown and fragmentation of African economies as they are today. The currency
union will also resist the lingering domination of the ties and habits of relations with excolonial
powers.
· The currency union has to deal with the impact on Africa of the contention and
competition of the dollar, the Euro and the yen for global influence. The dollar has an
overall overarching influence in the continent today in that in some countries it is freely
used as a means of exchange as in the USA. This shows that if there is no unified
currency union, Africa will be a battleground between the Euro and the dollar. The Yen
may not be as influential as the Euro and the dollar in Africa, but it is there in the wings.
These three currencies will compete in Africa and the AU must prepare the ground to
found a currency union to protect Africa’s developmental aspirations.
12. A possible Pan-African Monetary Union?
It is time to pick up monetary or currency union as part and parcel of the African Union
national project. For a monetary union on an African scale, the African Union has to
authorise an African Central Bank to issue a currency unit (call it, if you like an
'AFREE' or something else) that can serve as a principal medium of exchange, unit of
account and store of value for the whole continent. The strategy is to join together African
states into a kind of monetary marriage. An African monetary union is one important way
of moving closer to making the Pan-African vision a reality.
The necessary conditions for making moves towards a Pan-African monetary union are:
· The smooth transition of power from France and EU to integrate the CFA frank zone to
the African Union without breaking up the common monetary area. In addition, to upgrade,
13
adjust and persuade the states in the rand monetary area and other bilateral and
multilateral efforts such as the East African common market to join the all-African
monetary system
· A new liquidity creating mechanism backed by Africa’s mineral resources and African
Union confidence building measures to support an African currency to circulate freely in
the member states.
· A determined effort to re-link with the IMF, countries like France or the European Union
on their clear acceptance of Africa’s national developmental priorities and not Africa’s
continued indebtedness to them by preventing them to take a leading role in designing an
all-African currency union
· To negotiate the par value amongst the Euro, the dollar and the African currency for the
purposes of managing Africa’s foreign trade in the service of African development with the
rest of the world
· To control the authority of adjustment of the African currency to the dollar and Euro in the
AU
· To establish a strict control over the external flow of Africa’s currency by making its sole
value to assist the development of Africa
· To phase out gradually the existing currencies within the 53 African states
· To create and manage a dual currency system where like the Chinese Yuan, the African
currency is inconvertible by becoming a unit of account and means of payment for
stimulating inter-African trade and investment. There should be a build up of foreign
reserves backed by mineral wealth and the growth of Africa's labour productivities from
which a foreign transaction account can be kept for the purposes of trading outside Africa.
The key importance of a currency union and an inconvertible African currency is to make it
possible to raise domestic financing by enlarging the domestic market and stimulating a
comprehensive and an integrated development of the continent. The currency has to be
legal tender across Africa, and requires an African consensus to make it work. Above all,
what is needed is a political will to imagine and construct an African general will. The
political consensus is overriding to make the compelling economic and organisational case
to establish the African currency and monetary union a reality.
14
Africa’s monetary union is not conceived to join together existing currencies but to
overcome the weaknesses of the admittedly weak and fragmented existing currencies. It
falls within the strategy in bringing about change where Africans are able to exchange their
private labours in order to consume the products of their own creations rather than the
numerous luxury products their elite's consume coming from outside by manipulating
foreign exchange. The monetary arrangement can be designed in such a way that Africans
consume the products they produce, and discourage them from consuming luxury items
for the few who own foreign dollars and Euros.
13. A suggested dual currency model?
The monetary and currency union is part and parcel of the realisation of the African Union
project. The African Union will have to authorise an African Central Bank to issue a
currency unit (call it the Afree, the AU suggests Afric!) that can circulate across the
continent. This currency is convertible only within Africa. The purpose is to bring about
rapid inter- African integration. It should have a shadow as opposed to real foreign
exchange price to the dollar, frank/euro, Yuan, rupee, sterling and yen for the purposes of
domestic circulation and means of payment. Exchange rate par value and convertibility
should be confined for transactions between Africa and the rest of the world through a
foreign exchange reserve fund. The AU should create and manage a dual currency
system: the domestic currency with the currency for trade with extra-African regions. Such
a dual currency system, like the Chinese Yuan in the 1980s, would make Africa respond to
the challenges of domestic mobilisation of financing as well as countering external
assistance to turn into piles of debt. The convertible African currency stimulates Africa to
respond to the global environment positively and the same currency in its inconvertible
form stimulates raising domestic finances to make a bottom-up transformation of Africa
where Africans learn to appreciate and value products, knowledge, trade and investment
in Africa itself.
The foreign exchange reserve account should be managed by an African Central Bank.
Foreign money, assistance, borrowing and transactions for import and export should be
drawn from this reserve foreign exchange fund. This fund can be built up through a variety
of sources: a) international assistance, b) African reserves backed by Africa's mineral
15
wealth, c) Africa's expected rise in labour productivity, d) possible African Central Bank
‘ex-nihilo’ credit creation, and e) the use of a variety of treasury bonds and e-commercial
activities. The AU should authorise an African Central Bank to negotiate the par value
amongst the Euro, the dollar and the African currency for the purposes of expanding and
managing Africa’s foreign trade in the service of African development with the rest of the
world.
Such a dual strategy for liquidity generation can, if managed well, insulate Africa from the
debt trap. The peoples’ inconvertible money can circulate Africans private activities free
from piling up any internal debt. The convertible foreign exchange reserve funding account
can be prudently managed to keep at arms-length the IMF and other private bankers from
manipulating Africa’s priorities into debt payment. Instead of loans, debt and aid, the main
prop for creating liquidity to finance African development becomes Africa’s mineral
resources, its labour productivity and African Union confidence building measures.
A determined effort to re-link with the IMF, countries like France or the European Union on
the basis of the dual currency system must be made. The latter may not see kindly to this
strategy and they will browbeat African leaders for not playing along the globalisation
bandwagon. The challenge for African leadership is to make the dual system work by
applying law to forestall black market problems and corruption. Financial governance
including e-governance is very important. The stakes are high for the choice between the
dual currency system and the IMF is whether development or debt wins for shaping
Africa's futures. IMF and World Bank loans invariably have turned into debt. The challenge
is whether these external actors can be persuaded by Africa’s own ingenuity to help it.
Need they accept without any fudge Africa’s developmental priorities or not? Only when
they accept the African priority for development over debt can they be said to be
subscribing to a principle for Africa to relate with others on the basis of solidarity and not
dictation. In addition, the adjustment, convertibility and exchange rate policy-making
authority in relation to foreign currencies must lie with the AU.
The foreign exchange reserve fund is recommended to allow Africa not to lose and, in fact,
benefit from globalisation while neutralising the adverse effect from it. The fund will not be
used to purchase luxury items. It is set up to purchase technologies, draw in needed
16
experts, train personnel and implement something like the official Africa’s NEPAD
initiative. There must be regulation and oversight over the external flow of Africa’s currency
by making its sole value to assist the development of Africa.
There should be a transition period to phase out gradually the existing currencies within
the 53 African states. The dual currency will enlarge both the domestic market and Africa’s
entry largely on its own terms to benefit from globalisation. Together the internal and
external expansion of Africa’s opportunities is hoped to stimulate a comprehensive and an
integrated development of the continent.
The key constraint is political. For the dual system to work, it requires an African
consensus and the political will to create an African general will. This can happen if African
leadership transforms from governing by force, deception and blackmail to government by
permanent consent through the’ mid-wifing’ by Africa’s own organic intellectuals combining
strength and conviction in making Pan-African ideals work for Africa and above all the
ordinary people of Africa. The key is the transformation of the quality of leadership- to
become and be guided by moral and intellectual power. The leadership quality and the
broad framework for making political consensus are overriding to make the compelling
economic and organisational case to establish the African currency and monetary union a
reality.
14: Concluding Remarks: Not a mere proposal, the Union Government must
be real?
A monetary system for the making of free Africa requires a substantially different approach
from the process of monetary integration that is taking place within the EU. Unlike the
European monetary approach to create an optimal currency area, an African monetary
system is a key instrument to forge the completion of Africa’s emancipation. The concept
of an African currency union is to be constituted to undo and overcome, reverse and
convert the history of Africa’s grand oppression into an autobiography of liberation. It is
thus a qualitatively different system differing in purpose, functioning, objective and
intention from the pattern of monetary union of Europe where the issue is to unify fairly
well functioning currencies in order to exploit the advantage of an enlarged market. Africa’s
17
currency union is thus part and parcel of the overall struggle to mobilise finance internally
in the effort to inter-connect states, peoples, communities, regions, economies,
households, and families, individuals and markets across Africa. It is a weapon for
eradicating violence and poverty by facilitating political and economic integration. It is a
weapon in the democratisation of African politics, economics and public life. It will be used
to promote primarily inter-African trade, investment, infrastructure, communication and
electrification, the creation of jobs without state enclosures, borders and barriers, and
generally to found, build and open Africa as a dynamic, prosperous and independent
national economic and social system. Once Africa has an integrated economic and
political system, it would create the necessary condition to forge a real partnership with all
types of economies and regions of the world.
NES hopes that the African Union Government will not remain a proposal. We hope
concrete steps will be put in place to make sure that the condition is created for the
broadest, deepest and most consequential pan-African education, consciousness and
national unification by making every child, every man and woman grow up with the African
identity as a primary feature of citizenship. For this to take place efforts to combine the
struggle in every country with the Pan-African struggle must be consciously communicated
and fulfilled. The day, when each country emerges also with the African identity and citizen
as a guarantee for communicating both within Africa and the rest of the world –is also the
day when Africa would have entered the fast lane to stand up and be counted in the world.
Let all see the day when we united Africans declare the African peoples have stood up. Let
Africa reach out as a cornerstone of an arch that spreads a pan-African civilisation of
democracy, rule of law, human rights along with development and a just, sustainable
system of democratic governance at every level from the family to the continent.
Mammo Muchie, on behalf of NES
NB: All references have not been include

[Kentu]

African Union = Monkeys union

[Meraraw]

Continental government is on the way to be formed!!! FINFINNE will be the capital of:
1) national governmenzt of Oromia
2) regional government of Ethiopia/Hoafrica and
3) continental governemnt of USAfrica

God bless FINFINNE of Oromians in particular, Ethiopians or Africans in general!!!!

Read the following:

9th Ordinary AU summit opens
Addis Ababa, July 1, 2007 (Addis Ababa) - The 9th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union Heads of State was opened on Sunday in Accra, Ghana.
Leaders of various African countries, including Prime Minister Meles Zenawi as well as African First ladies including Ethiopian First Lady Azeb Mesfin have been converged at the Summit.

Addressing the summit Chairperson of the African Union, Ghanaian President J.A. Kufuor the Summit was devoted exclusively to the Grand Debate on the Union Government of Africa. This assumes that the question of unification is not in doubt.

President Kufuor said litany of factors, which have combined to slow the continent’s advancement, includes slavery, colonialism, and imperialism.

Illiteracy and poverty, famine and diseases especially malaria, tuberculosis and now HIV/AIDS, gender imbalance, ethnic and religious intolerance and conflicts, and recently, border tensions generated by artificially imposed colonial boundaries have also contributed to Africa’s woes, he added.

The task before us is enormous but exciting, he noted. "We are at the crossroads, and at the same time the threshold, of a new era, with great opportunities but also many challenges and responsibilities for Africa. We therefore must not fail the people of Africa and the future of our continent by unexamined decisions during this Grand Debate."

Chairperson of the African Union Commission, Alpha Omar Konaré also said at the opening of the summit said the African Union experienced both successes and attempts that could not be materialized.

Konaré said the African Union, particularly countries around conflict torn regions should exert efforts to find lasting solutions to conflicts in Africa.

President Kufuor said the decision of the last AU Summit in Addis Ababa in January to devote the Accra summit exclusively to the 'Grand Debate' on the Union Government "assumes that the question of unification is not in doubt...What remains is the form of government and how to attain it".

"I am confident that at the end of our deliberations, we should be able to arrive at a common understanding of the sort of 'Continental Government' we want for ourselves and how to develop a road map with time lines towards its realization," Kufuor said.


The Summit is expected to deliberate on various continental issues, according to an Ethiopian Radio Reporter in Accra.



Headlines
9th Ordinary AU summit opens


(c) The Ethiopian News Agency

[Guest1]

According to some obssessed with small country and griped with small mentality, we should go for federation after federation. How many federations will be allowed in EThiopia where there are about 80nations. Stupid!!

AU accepts the present boundaries of countries for a starter. They will enter the union as they are unless we see voluntary union of countries in west africa, central africa and the horn of Africa where small countries exist. The central idea of Pan Africanism is based on voluntary union!!!! not disunion!!

The next will be borderless Africa. African elites are contemplating this borderless Africa! one country!! one army!!! and one parliament!! Great!! Down with narrow-minded dividers and evil doers!!

[Meraraw]

Guest,
don't cry!! I know it is hard for you to hear the word Oromia. But AFD is for both liberation of the oppressed nations like Oromia, Amhara, Tigrai...etc from tyranny and exploitation as well for an integration of regions like Ethiopia, Hoafrica....etc!!

Like it or not FINFINNE will be the blessed capital city of
1) national government of Oromia
2) regional government of Ethiopia/Hoafrica and
3) continental governemnt of Africa

Read the following to look at the progress!!!
http://www.ethiomedia.com/atop/accra_summit_070107.html

[Ron]

This thing is easier said than done. African countries are on different political, economic, social etc. levels. With all the diferring levels of development it is almost impossible to form any semblaces of any union. How can you put the poor and the wretched completely underdeveloped country like Ethiopia being ruled by a medieval dictator together with countries like South Africa, a democratic, resource rich, economically and technologically developed country together as united Africa. It simply doesnot make any sense in practice, other than repeat make believe cocktail lounge keynote addresses.

This sort of periodic keynote addresses have been going on and off ever since the continent's pre-decolozization period when the idea has been developed and popularized by the brilliant, master organizer and articulate Afro-American scientist, professor William Du Bois (1868 - 1963), who was a close friend and mentor of Dr.Kwame Nikrumah prior to the decolonization of Ghana itself in 1957.

All what this might partly mean is that we have to tighten our belts ourselves and push on for sustainable struggle for democracy, good governance, sustainable economic and technological developments, as well as a just and welbeing society where the human rights of all the citizens are completely respected.

Then we can talk of the United States of Africa where we can all get together and go ahead with the unity democracies for the greater well beings of the entire continent. No one will ever bring for us any freedom, justice, human rights, developments, welfare and well beings from the outside on horse back or jet packs. Even God is said to be eagerly helping only those who help themselves.

AFD has very important task at hand in organizing, promoting and leading democracy and transforming the barabric medieval dictatorship in to a modern government of the people by the people. It need not let itself to be overshadowed by all types of lame noisy ducks.

OIne needs to plan as if one is going to live thousands of years while fighting as if going to die tomorrow!

[Ron]

Kentu,

Explain and justify your kentu sounding statement, or else you will only remain as true kentu!

African Union = Monkeys union

[beles]

Where you have ethnic segregation there can not be unity. where there is unity there is no ethnic prison.

Unity is an absence of border. In unity all people are equal and the same. Any division with in the union is mere administrative therefore superficial, dynamic, changing and overlapping. It can change as it is needed. Introducing ethnicity in to this union is giving permanency to division which negates union.

The only thing that is needed for true unity is individual freedom. Or on the other words a true freedom needs only free individuals. That means if there are enough individuals who are free from the prisons of a group mentality and are free to associate themselves with other human beings these people can start forming an African Unity or World Unity for that matter.

European union (EU) is a natural outcome of a free European society. Even if the institutions of EU were not there there is EU by default. People can move and work with very little physical barrier any where they want to which makes borders obsolete.

As for the survival of culture, language and all that in a true free society only individuals who decide to sustain them. If individuals want to have them they will continue to live. If not they will disappear. Any force to impose or irradicate culture is not a mark of free society, or a mark of a united society.

So in conclusion those of you who can not envision a unity with your neighbor can not talk about unity with the whole world.

Continental government is on the way to be formed!!! FINFINNE will be the capital of:
1) national governmenzt of Oromia
2) regional government of Ethiopia/Hoafrica and
3) continental governemnt of USAfrica

God bless FINFINNE of Oromians in particular, Ethiopians or Africans in general!!!!

Read the following:

9th Ordinary AU summit opens
Addis Ababa, July 1, 2007 (Addis Ababa) - The 9th Ordinary Session of the Assembly of the African Union Heads of State was opened on Sunday in Accra, Ghana.
Leaders of various African countries, including Prime Minister Meles Zenawi as well as African First ladies including Ethiopian First Lady Azeb Mesfin have been converged at the Summit.

Addressing the summit Chairperson of the African Union, Ghanaian President J.A. Kufuor the Summit was devoted exclusively to the Grand Debate on the Union Government of Africa. This assumes that the question of unification is not in doubt.

President Kufuor said litany of factors, which have combined to slow the continent’s advancement, includes slavery, colonialism, and imperialism.

Illiteracy and poverty, famine and diseases especially malaria, tuberculosis and now HIV/AIDS, gender imbalance, ethnic and religious intolerance and conflicts, and recently, border tensions generated by artificially imposed colonial boundaries have also contributed to Africa’s woes, he added.

The task before us is enormous but exciting, he noted. "We are at the crossroads, and at the same time the threshold, of a new era, with great opportunities but also many challenges and responsibilities for Africa. We therefore must not fail the people of Africa and the future of our continent by unexamined decisions during this Grand Debate."

Chairperson of the African Union Commission, Alpha Omar Konaré also said at the opening of the summit said the African Union experienced both successes and attempts that could not be materialized.

Konaré said the African Union, particularly countries around conflict torn regions should exert efforts to find lasting solutions to conflicts in Africa.

President Kufuor said the decision of the last AU Summit in Addis Ababa in January to devote the Accra summit exclusively to the 'Grand Debate' on the Union Government "assumes that the question of unification is not in doubt...What remains is the form of government and how to attain it".

"I am confident that at the end of our deliberations, we should be able to arrive at a common understanding of the sort of 'Continental Government' we want for ourselves and how to develop a road map with time lines towards its realization," Kufuor said.


The Summit is expected to deliberate on various continental issues, according to an Ethiopian Radio Reporter in Accra.



Headlines
9th Ordinary AU summit opens


(c) The Ethiopian News Agency

[Meraraw]

Ron,
it is clear that practicing one's ideal is not as easy as to plan it!! But that doesn't justify our pessimism. We can just start to dream, plan and practice our ideal. May be after 99x failure we can come to success just as Thomas Addinson's experiment. So let's not be discouraged by the present dictators in Africa and the current discrepancy between the underdeveloped and welldeveloped countries in Africa!!

Beles,
just crying about UNITY without taking the right of nations in Africa in to consideration is obsolete!! Genuine unity can only takes place in a continent who accepts and respects both individual freedom and collective "ethnic" freedom. That is why Africa talks not only about human right, but also about peoples' right.

Just as an example, without accepting and respecting the collective national freedom of Oromos, there will never be a genuine and a lasting Ethiopian unity in particular and African unity in general. So the structure of the future lasting united Africa will have three levels of governments:
1) national governments like the genuine national state government of Oromia,
2) regional governemnts like a multinational regional federation of Ethiopia/Hoafrica and
3) continental government of Africa on the way of forging USAfrica.

[Kentu]

African Union = The union of dictators

[Kentu]

You know what was done when forming the Unites States of America. Do african dictators provide africans a constitution like the US?

African Union = Monkeys Union.

[beles]

Meraraw

Read yourself carefully and you will find you contradicting yourself.

Ron,
it is clear that practicing one's ideal is not as easy as to plan it!! But that doesn't justify our pessimism. We can just start to dream, plan and practice our ideal. May be after 99x failure we can come to success just as Thomas Addinson's experiment. So let's not be discouraged by the present dictators in Africa and the current discrepancy between the underdeveloped and welldeveloped countries in Africa!!

Beles,
just crying about UNITY without taking the right of nations in Africa in to consideration is obsolete!! Genuine unity can only takes place in a continent who accepts and respects both individual freedom and collective "ethnic" freedom. That is why Africa talks not only about human right, but also about peoples' right.

Just as an example, without accepting and respecting the collective national freedom of Oromos, there will never be a genuine and a lasting Ethiopian unity in particular and African unity in general. So the structure of the future lasting united Africa will have three levels of governments:
1) national governments like the genuine national state government of Oromia,
2) regional governemnts like a multinational regional federation of Ethiopia/Hoafrica and
3) continental government of Africa on the way of forging USAfrica.

[Meraraw]

???

[Meraraw]

Meraraw

Read yourself carefully and you will find you contradicting yourself.

Can you specify the points of contradiction you observed, which I might have missed!!

[Ron]

Kentu,

Thanks a lot for your good and satifactory explanation. I was irritated by your expression where you have charcterized Africans as monkeys.

It is true that the gathering of this chater boxes are talking about the union of chest drumming dictators wanting to suppress the spreading of democracy, good governance and citizen participation in the affairs and development of their own coutry.

This practically spineless dictators couldn't even seriousely attempt to prevent the ongoing extremily painful mass genocide being practiced by the murdering beats of kartuom on the poor and wretched African people of Darfur. And yet these same semi-barberian robber gang of leaders who lack even the most basic humanist empathy towards the brutalized children, old people, women,and the entire society of Darfur and their material and immaterial resources, dare to talk about the grand Union of Africa. Big shame on them as far as I am concerned! Truth hurts, but we need to tell it as it is.

No body is aginst the Union if it is going to be the union of smaller democarcies in order to form a much more greater and much more viable bigger continental democracies just like that of the European Union(EU).

But unfortunately people make big mistakes and mix up the negetive union of dictators a sopposed to the positive union of democracies.

The first liberation from white direct colonialism have been done. The second libration from the African hedonistic dictators and their global power hungry supporters needs to gove way as yet, so that Africa may ahve its full democracy and good governace from where it can naturally for the much needed Uninion of Africa.

Otherwise dwelling on irrelevancies, and writing much addo about nothing will only divert attention from the real and the practical steps being taken for the liberation and democratization of each and every country for fatster movement towards that union. It can never be the otherway round.

How can you realistically put a giant working system when you are not yet able to remove even a tiny ant biting you and stack in to your toes causing pain?

Who will tell us that the so called African Union may be born and successed under the democratic and tolerant leadership of Colonel Qaddafi as to democartically empower each and every African citizen?

Once upon a time, "Uhuru" said Jommo kenyatta, the first president of Kenya after the country's independece. "Not yet Uhuru" replied Tom Mboya, a known kenyan politician. Uhuru=Freedom.

African Union = The union of dictators

[Meraraw]

Ron,
your logic is:
- 1st liberation from white colonialism, which is "already accomplished"
- 2nd freedom from African dictators, which is "not yet happened"
and then
- talk about Union of Africa!!!

I think both premises and preconditions you try to state are wrong!!! Firstly Africa is not yet liberated from white colonialism, but there is just a change of the form of colonialism. Still Africa is under the modern form of colonialism.

Secondly African dictators are part and parcel of us (including you and me). Just only blaming dictators for every weakness in Africa is not a solution. I am sure you cannot do any difference, if you will be given the position of the so called African dictators.

I think the solution is that we Africans with all our weakness and our "dictators" should learn to come together to tackel both the modern form of colonialism and the demonized African dictators. Union Governemnt of Africa can be a good start to tackle both of them!!!

[Ron]

Meraraw,

First, your statements:-

"1st liberation from white colonialism, which is "already accomplished"
- 2nd freedom from African dictators, which is "not yet happened"
and then
- talk about Union of Africa!!! you tried to quote me.

That is complete misquotation so pleare reared what I have written and no need to put words in to my mouth.

I disagree with on most accounts you have stated in here. May be I may not make a diffrence if I might have a chance, may be I di make real difference. Your deterministic statement that I may not make a difference is not acceptable to me.

Also as I have stated before, the direct traditional white colonialist rule is over and that is why we have the former liberation front leaders, turned dictators ruling over most of Africa. Kenya is not being ruled by Britain, neither Somalia by Italy, France and Britain. Zimbabawe is being ruled by Mugabe, South Africa by ANC and the other coalition partners, Namibia by SWAPO and its coalition partners, etc.

Close your eyes and deny facts, that is your right, but the facts speak for themselves. It is another matter to say that direct colonialism has changed its forms and being replaced by the indirect colonialism known as neocolonialism. The two are very different and need not be confused with each other as far I am concerned.

And then again, it is your right to lump the two together and give them the same and one single oversimplified identification.

Well, "African dictators are part and parcel of us?" I greatly doubt. Dictatorship is only a phenomena of a certain stage of political, economic and social development of society. Large numbers societies in Africa have been democratic and very humanistic egalitarians even in times past. If you are not willing to blame dictators for the absence of democracy, equality, justice, himan rights how are you going solve the fundamental problems of the wrteched people of Ethiopia?

Don't you think that Europeans got rid of their dictators and transformed their socities in to democracies with sustainable development and helping African dictators survive on alms? If the American revolutionaries said no need to blame backward feudal dictatorship, claiming that it is in fact part and parcel of them, they might have still been a back ward underdevelped community of beggars living on alms.

Africans coming together with all their weaknesses and forming United states of Africa? That is completely unrealistic to which even those who organized the meeting and propagated the idea don't belive in at all. I strongly wish from my side that iit may happen over night. Most of these African leaders with the exception the few have always been beating about the bush and declaring themselves prime minister or prsident for life, similar to Emperor Bokassa, Idi Amins, Kamuzu Banda, Rober Mugabe, Mobutu sese Sekko, etc.

ME a dictator, say, Bokkassa II? Bashing in power and wealth?
Nami, nami, nami, nami, naa naa!
Sweat power, Sweat power.
so pleasant like sunny day shower
May you the needy people empower?

Yes, if I may be able to use that grand power of mine for converting the society in to genuine democracy and good governance for all with some sort of short strong push to reach that bright light at the end of the tunnel. So please post that dictatorial power to me by registered post, not email, otherwise some cunning fox might highjack it on the fly.

Over all, the whole hulaabaluu from the top to the bottom is only attention diversion empty propaganda inorder to avoid the daily burning issues of the ordinary Ethiopian as well as African people. We may feed a beautiful cake from the sky to desperate hungry people struggling to survive the brutalities of every day life.

But it is a task of civilized gentlemen to agree in order to disagree on some issues.

Ron,
your logic is:
- 1st liberation from white colonialism, which is "already accomplished"
- 2nd freedom from African dictators, which is "not yet happened"
and then
- talk about Union of Africa!!!

I think both premises and preconditions you try to state are wrong!!! Firstly Africa is not yet liberated from white colonialism, but there is just a change of the form of colonialism. Still Africa is under the modern form of colonialism.

Secondly African dictators are part and parcel of us (including you and me). Just only blaming dictators for every weakness in Africa is not a solution. I am sure you cannot do any difference, if you will be given the position of the so called African dictators.

I think the solution is that we Africans with all our weakness and our "dictators" should learn to come together to tackel both the modern form of colonialism and the demonized African dictators. Union Governemnt of Africa can be a good start to tackle both of them!!!

[Meraraw]

Ron,
our difference is not on many things you stated above. It is not also the fact that I am "not ready to blame dictators". Our difference is on the timing of the formation of the Union Government of Africa. You try to put two preconditions (dismantling colonialism and eliminating dictatorship). On the contrary, I do say: "we may need this Union Government to get rid of both NEO-colonialism and Dictatorship"!!!

Meraraw,

...If you are not willing to blame dictators for the absence of democracy, equality, justice, himan rights how are you going solve the fundamental problems of the wrteched people of Ethiopia? .......

Ron,
your logic is:
- 1st liberation from white colonialism, which is "already accomplished"
- 2nd freedom from African dictators, which is "not yet happened"
and then
- talk about Union of Africa!!!

I think both premises and preconditions you try to state are wrong!!! Firstly Africa is not yet liberated from white colonialism, but there is just a change of the form of colonialism. Still Africa is under the modern form of colonialism.

Secondly African dictators are part and parcel of us (including you and me). Just only blaming dictators for every weakness in Africa is not a solution. I am sure you cannot do any difference, if you will be given the position of the so called African dictators.

I think the solution is that we Africans with all our weakness and our "dictators" should learn to come together to tackel both the modern form of colonialism and the demonized African dictators. Union Governemnt of Africa can be a good start to tackle both of them!!!

[ethiopianunity]

Aite Welkayit,
the notorious lier!! Can you just go back to Meqelle and then ask us to live in good neighbourhood with you?? Do you know how you are hated and rejected by your neighbours Amharas, Oromos, Somalis, Eritreans...etc??

And you brag about good neighbourhood with the far neighbours!!! You are just joking at the cost of your next generation. Today you can fill your belly by using the opportunity you got, but your children do have no good neighbour where to go to beg, leave alone to dominate!!!

LOL
Back to that empty Zeraf. That suits you well. That is also your level. If I come down to that level, you will beat me. You have experience.
Why would SPLM and Khartoum be good friends and good neighbors to Ethiopia? I bet you that is too much for you to grasp.

Do you know why Khartoum is friendly with Weyane? It is because Weyane is donating lots to Khartoum and repatration of Sudandese people. There are so many deals that Weyane worked with Sudan that is why. So, in other words, Weyane is buying Sudan to be "good neighborhood". Besides, it is not a good picture when Weyane invaded an Islam nation, Somalia!So, the only chance it has is by buying neighbors to avoid conflict! The money or any support that gives Sudan could have gone to the people of Ethiopia

Unity, Prosperity and Peace for Ethiopia!

[Meraraw]

Ethiopianunity,
why are you concerned only about regional unity at the middle, disregarding the first priority (country unity like unity of people in Amhara country, Oromia country, Tigrai country...etc) and the third priority (continental unity, which is the topic of this thread).

Particularly Amharas ignore their own country (Amharaland) and cry only about the region called Ethiopia, to which many countiries like Tigaruland, Amharaland, Afarland, Oromoland, Ogadeniland ...etc are compelled to "unite".

AFD is trying to forge genuine, beneficial and lasting:
- united country for each of the above mentioned and other concerned countries first, eg unity of all Amharas in Amharaland (Amhara country),
- united region of all the countries with their own united people in Ethiopian/Hoafrican region based on free will, not by force as it was up to now and
- united continent of all the united regions, also based on free will for common benefit for all Africans.

[Ron]

Meraraw,

I agree that our differences are not many. Even if we may have difference on the current issue, it doesnot mean anything at all. In may opinion every one from the top to the bottom are only talking about talking just for the sake of talking itself. "After all, Europeans have their own union in place, so why not Africa" is the spirit. But Europeans have long been working on the details and preconditions of the Union and even then it is not any kind of United states of Europe as yet.

It is really good that AFD and others promotes and plays constructive role using the AU platform. You know that I am neither a diplomat nor a politician. I am an individual preacher for the grassroots and that is my hobby and that is also why I am talking the truth as it is.

" We may need this Union Government to get rid of both NEO-colonialism and dictatorship" you wrote. I hope and wish that it may go that way.

However, my intuition tells me that the much talked about United States of Africa dream might take very long time for it to become a reality. Perhaps during the times of our grand children, even that if we are willing to work hard today and push it forwards. The Big-Bang theory is only a Big-Bang on paper alone.

"First United States of africa and then after that get rid of NEO-colonialism and dictatorship" mode of thinking is excellent by itself, but I am afraid that it is similar to putting the cart before the horse, instead of the horse being placed before the cart. This is only my share of talking about talking which is neither harmful nor miracle making. It is only my private pass time and hobby excercise.

So, GOD help us all!

Ron,
our difference is not on many things you stated above. It is not also the fact that I am "not ready to blame dictators". Our difference is on the timing of the formation of the Union Government of Africa. You try to put two preconditions (dismantling colonialism and eliminating dictatorship). On the contrary, I do say: "we may need this Union Government to get rid of both NEO-colonialism and Dictatorship"!!!

Meraraw,

...If you are not willing to blame dictators for the absence of democracy, equality, justice, himan rights how are you going solve the fundamental problems of the wrteched people of Ethiopia? .......

Ron,
your logic is:
- 1st liberation from white colonialism, which is "already accomplished"
- 2nd freedom from African dictators, which is "not yet happened"
and then
- talk about Union of Africa!!!

I think both premises and preconditions you try to state are wrong!!! Firstly Africa is not yet liberated from white colonialism, but there is just a change of the form of colonialism. Still Africa is under the modern form of colonialism.

Secondly African dictators are part and parcel of us (including you and me). Just only blaming dictators for every weakness in Africa is not a solution. I am sure you cannot do any difference, if you will be given the position of the so called African dictators.

I think the solution is that we Africans with all our weakness and our "dictators" should learn to come together to tackel both the modern form of colonialism and the demonized African dictators. Union Governemnt of Africa can be a good start to tackle both of them!!!

[Meraraw]

Ron,
thanks!! We need such discussion of the grass root on the pro and contra of the USAfrica. That doesn't show either I am or you are right, rather it is just a discussion of two concerned African citizens!!!

My recommendation is that the few relatively democratic countries can start the continental unity and then the others can join the unity by fullfilling the basic democratic and human right rules just like that of USA and EU, who started as few members and included others gradually!!

[Ron]

Meraraw,

Thanks for yourself!
I stand behind your recommendation, though the type of unity most of those guys have in mind is the unity of states in contrast with the unity of nations.
There is great difference between the two.

Ron,
thanks!! We need such discussion of the grass root on the pro and contra of the USAfrica. That doesn't show either I or you are right, rather it is just a discussion of two concerned African citizens!!!

My recommendation is that the few relatively democratic countries can start the continental unity and then the others can join the unity by fullfilling the basic democratic and human right rules just like that of USA and EU, who started as few members and included others gradually!!

[Meraraw]

Ron,
you raised very important issue: unity of states vs unity of nations!!! This is a thing yet to be clarified. The current African states are not nation-states, rather artificial-states formed by colonialists. Such artificial states can only be the temporary member states of USAfrica.

Gradually such artificial conglomerates of nations will be dismantled like Yugoslavia, Chekoslovakia and Soviet in Europe, so that the true nation-states will be the members of USAfrica like the Serbia, Croatia, Slovakia, Chechia, Lativia, Estonia..etc are now the true memebers of EU.

That is why Ethiopia in a long term will be replaced by USAfrica like Yugoslavia has been replaced by EU, so that the nation-states like Oromia, Tigrai, Amhara, Ogadenia...etc will be the true member states of the future peacefull, democratic and prosperious USAFrica.

In that way both national LIBERATION and regional/continental INTEGRATION, which are the important parts of AFD's vision, will be fullfilled!!!

Meraraw,

Thanks for yourself!
I stand behind your recommendation, though the type of unity most of those guys have in mind is the unity of states in contrast with the unity of nations.
There is great difference between the two.

Ron,
thanks!! We need such discussion of the grass root on the pro and contra of the USAfrica. That doesn't show either I or you are right, rather it is just a discussion of two concerned African citizens!!!

My recommendation is that the few relatively democratic countries can start the continental unity and then the others can join the unity by fullfilling the basic democratic and human right rules just like that of USA and EU, who started as few members and included others gradually!!

[Meraraw]

I read in current news that African leaders unanimiously agreed to forge the Union Government of Africa, but they split on the pace of unification (integration): instantists (hare pace) vs gradualists (tortoise pace).

I think they can simply agree to make the union real as fast as possible and as slow as necessary (human pace)!!!!

[Meraraw]

Specially to Ron,
enjoy the following opinion!!!

Africa: United States of Africa a Good Idea, But Too Many Challenges

The Nation (Nairobi)
OPINION
3 July 2007
Donald Mogeni And Gilbert Muyumbu
Nairobi

THE PROCLIVITY TOWARDS integration into a single entity is not new in Africa. It is one of the reactions from Africans whenever they face global threats to their wellbeing.

When facing the threat of neo-colonisation at the dawn of independence, for instance, Ghana's Kwame Nkrumah unsuccessfully pushed for the idea of a United States of Africa as a way of overcoming the threat.

With the heightening of globalisation and its threat to national development, the African reaction has been to come up with regional trading blocs such as Comesa and the East African Community to retain their share of the market from the competition posed by global conglomerates.

With or without external threats, however, it is an axiomatic truth that pan-African integration would have great benefits for the continent.

At the economic level, integration can be an effective way of harnessing resources collectively, thus helping penetrate global markets, and attracting foreign direct investment.

It can also lead to substantial cost-saving resulting from co-ordinated investments in physical, social and institutional infrastructure.

The meagre resources that the individual African countries have on their own or could source from so-called development partners could, for instance, be more cost-effective under a joint continental development plan for infrastructure.

It can promote the integration of the continent's two major economies - pastoralism and agriculture - and link them up with others such as mining for the greater benefit of the continent instead of them serve the needs of the Western market as they are doing currently.

It would increase competition and thus generate greater product range and diversity and improved production techniques, leading to lower costs and more attractive opportunities for foreign investment in the continent

Suffice it to say that integration would boost the transformation and growth of Africa's currently fragmented and weak economies.

At the political level, integration would help Africa address common problems. Since currently envisioned integration would happen at a time when a substantial part of Africa has had a heightening of civic consciousness due to civic education, it would provide opportunity for the African citizen to engage the State afresh and define its obligations and responsibilities to him or her, a thing that is absent in most of the individual African states.

IT WOULD, THEREFORE, FOSTER A spirit of political and civic responsibility in the continent, such that Africa would not become a ground upon which failures such as Somalia and horrors such as DR Congo, Rwanda of the genocide era, wartime Sierra Leone and Liberia among others are tolerated in the flimsy name of non-interference in national affairs.

Continental integration at the political level would help deal with, and possibly rid the continent of, local warlords, monsters, rogues and tyrants who hide behind national sovereignty to oppress their people since they would be answerable and accountable to a larger, stronger and more rational body than the tiny entities called African independent states.

Yet, in spite of the many obvious benefits to be gained from continental integration, there are a number of crucial challenges and obstacles towards integration that cannot be wished away.

Looking at the past, there have been numerous integration schemes in the continent since the 1960s, but these have not been successful.

Among the reasons for failure include lack of grassroots support, excessive external dependency, underdeveloped economies, institutional weaknesses, international economic, ideological and political structures and their interference in Africa's affairs, and questions over distribution of the benefits of the integration.

Besides, integration has been left to governments, with the result that ordinary consciousness on issues of integration is scant.

The move towards pan-African integration has been slow due to the consensus approach adopted in reaching decisions, with the consequence that countries moving slowest have been the ones dictating the pace of integration.

Lack of centrally co-ordinated institutional mechanisms to enforce mutually agreed principles, lack of political will in member countries, and the fear of national politicians to allow the emergence of an entity more powerful than themselves have been critical obstacles.

Politicians still remain the biggest threat to integration since they are more concerned by short-termism, public image, power, political clientelism and wealth accumulation. They are mainly behind the unwillingness to subordinate national political interest to long-term continental development goals. The other critical challenge is the over-dependence on external donors for the movement towards integration.

Mr Donald Mogeni and Mr Gilbert Muyumbu are Nairobi based policy and development consultants.

[Meraraw]

AU-Government is agreed on, only the time-line is yet to be decided!!!
http://www.myjoyonline.com/politics/200707/6271.asp

[Meraraw]

By Bathandwa Mbola

Addis Ababa - African leaders agreed on Sunday in the Ethiopian capital to transform the African Union (AU) Commission into the African Union Authority (AUA).

This will be done as a compromise step toward eventually forming a continent-wide government.

Briefing journalists, AU Commission Chairman Jean Ping said the new authority would have a broader mandate than the existing commission.

“We are creating an institution with a bigger mandate, with bigger capacities, which moves us toward the goal of the union government,” Mr Ping said although details of the change were still under discussion.

He said, however, governments will still retain their sovereignty under the existing system.

“The body will be headed by a president and a vice-president, and the commissioners will become secretaries charged with portfolios,” Mr Ping said.

The 53-nation African Union said it would agree by Wednesday on reforms to the organisation.

The idea of creating a future union government for Africa, which is believed would boost Africa’s international standing, has been discussed for several years among the region’s leaders. It has been supported strongly by Libyan leader, Muammar Gaddafi.

However, many African leaders were reluctant to relinquish any of their sovereignty to a new government, while some favour strengthening regional institutions before creating a continent-wide system.

The establishing of a unified Africa to give Africa stronger bargaining power at international forums has been a dream of several generations of pan-Africanists.

The South African government since 2007 has embarked on an intensive countrywide campaign to gather the views of its citizens on the envisioned African Union Authority.

The representatives all showed support for the position which was eventually adopted, namely that of a gradual process of integration, strengthening of multilateral institutions as well as the strengthening and integration of Regional Economic Communities (RECs).

South Africa falls under the 14 member SADC REC, whose other member states include Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Lesotho, Madagascar, Malawi, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Swaziland, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

Timelines and the method for Africa’s integration are to be set out according to the Accra Declaration, adopted at the conclusion of the three-day summit.

The approach will entail strengthening AU organs, including the AU Commission, as well as speeding up the integration of RECs, with the final objective being the creation of a union government.

The Accra Declaration expresses the AU leaders’ conviction that the ultimate objective of the AU is the United States of Africa, with a Union Government, as envisaged by the founding fathers of the Organisation of African Unity and, in particular, the late visionary leader, Dr Kwame Nkrumah, former President of Ghana.

[Obamajr.]

by Democrat on Thu May 31, 2007 11:37 pm

Congratulations Merraraw, you really hit the chord ( a cold knife) on this freeloading murderer and blood sucker. He needs to be sent to his old begging and flee infested despicable life.
On a serious note though, the AU has been so far as pathetic and useless as the OAU was. You may be disappointed for it is a noble idea, but these monkeys can not even unite their families. They are corrupt (Meles, Musevini, etc..) hidous and self-serving. I am afraid, that idea maybe evolutionary and you know where African leaders are on the evolutionary ladder. African nations need to respect eachother's territory befoe any idea like this is entertained. The principles of democracy should be adopted by the UN and the AU, and any country that failes to pass the democratic tests, such as human rights, pluralist rule, etc... should be expelled from these organiztions for this idea to work. When I say democratic principles, I mean real principles.

Ante [word deleted] shabia,

When you said "they are corrupt [Meles, Musevini, etc] hidous and self-serving.

Are you including your master the tyrant Essays too?

The principles of democracy should be adopted by the UN and the AU, and any country that failes to pass the democratic tests, such as human rights, pluralist rule, etc... should be expelled from these organiztions for this idea to work. When I say democratic principles, I mean real principles.

what the hell you are talking about? Did your master knows the democratic principles? Does he knows what freedom means?
Keletam shabia cadre

[AFDist]

Yes! It was Tsegaye G/Medhin, who said "Let's Africans stand up to defend our both Liberty and Unity" In other words no Unity at the cost of Liberty! No Ethiopian Unity at the cost of Oromian Liberty!! Here is the AU anthem's text he wrote. And somebody at Wikipedia has not even put him among the "notable Oromos."

English Version

"Let us all unite and celebrate together
The victories won for our liberation
Let us dedicate ourselves to rise together
To defend our liberty and unity

O Sons and Daughters of Africa
Flesh of the Sun and Flesh of the Sky
Let us make Africa the Tree of Life

Let us all unite and sing together
To uphold the bonds that frame our destiny
Let us dedicate ourselves to fight together
For lasting peace and justice on earth

O Sons and Daughters of Africa
Flesh of the Sun and Flesh of the Sky
Let us make Africa the Tree of Life

Let us all unite and toil together
To give the best we have to Africa
The cradle of mankind and fount of culture
Our pride and hope at break of dawn.

O Sons and Daughters of Africa
Flesh of the Sun and Flesh of the Sky
Let us make Africa the Tree of Life"

[AFDist]

Medrek is the best instrument to accomplish both liberation of nations and integration of the region called Ethiopia on the way to the integration of Africa!!